athātaḥ śiṣyopanayanīyamadhyāyaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ ||1|| yathovāca bhagavān dhanvantariḥ ||2||
athāta ityādi| yathovāca bhagavān dhanvantaririti pratyadhyāyaṃ boddhavyam| athaśabdo'tra pūrvādhyāyādānantarye, ataḥśabdo hetvarthe, sa ca hetuḥ pūrvādhyāye vistareṇa vyākhyātaḥ; evaṃ pratyadhyāyaṃ athātaḥśabdau jñātavyau| śiṣyopanayanīyamiti śiṣyasya upanayanaṃ dīkṣā, tadadhikṛtya kṛto'dhyāyaḥ śiṣyopanayanīyastaṃ tathā; anye tu upanayanamātmavattayā arthī(ṅgī)karaṇam| yadyapi brāhmaṇādayaḥ prāgupanītāḥ, tathā'pyāyurvedapaṭhanārambhe punarupanayanaṃ, yathā ṛgyajuḥsāmānyadhītya atharvārambhe punarvratāvataraṇaṃ dhanurvedārambhe ca, tadvadatrāpi||1-2||
brāhmaṇakṣatriyavaiśyānāmanyatamamanvayavayaḥśīlaśauryaśaucācāravinayaśaktibalamedhādhṛtismṛtimatipratipattiyuktaṃ tanujihvauṣṭhadantāgramṛjuvaktrākṣināsaṃ prasannacittavākceṣṭaṃ kleśasahaṃ ca bhiṣak śiṣyamupanayet | ato viparītaguṇaṃ nopanayet ||3||
brāhmaṇakṣatriyavaiśyānāmityādi| brāhmaṇādiṣu madhye anyatamamekatamam| anvayādiyuktaṃ; tatra, anvayaḥ āyurvedādhyāyikulam, anye vaṃśaśuddhimāhuḥ; vayo'tra bālyaṃ tāruṇyaṃ vā; śīlaṃ śāstrārthānusāriṇo'viparītasvabhāvaḥ; śauryaṃ śūratvaṃ, sarvatrāviṣāditā; śaucaṃ śucitā, tacca dvividhaṃ bāhyamābhyantaraṃ ca, tatra bāhyaṃ snānādikam, ābhyantaraṃ manaḥśuddhiḥ; ācāraḥ kuladeśādyanugataṃ laukikaṃ vidhānam, anye tu kāyavāṅmānasikaṃ śubhavyāpāralakṣaṇaṃ trividhamāhuḥ, śrutismṛtivihitānuṣṭhānamityeke; vinayaḥ indriyavaśitvaṃ; śaktiḥ utsāhaśaktiḥ; balaṃ kriyānirvartanakṣamatā, anye śaktibalayorviparyayamāhuḥ; medhā granthāvadhāraṇakarṣaṇasāmarthyaṃ; dhṛtiḥ manaḥsantuṣṭiḥ, anye niyamātmikāṃ buddhimāhuḥ; smṛtiḥ pūrvānubhūtasya smaraṇam, arthadhāraṇaśaktirityanye; matiḥ anāgatārthoddeśaḥ, trikālaviṣayā buddhirityanye; pratipattiḥ arthāvabodhaprāgalbhyamanuṣṭhānaṃ vā| tanujihvauṣṭhadantāgramiti tanuśabdo jihvādibhiḥ pratyekaṃ sambadhyate, ‘tanujihvauṣṭhadantaṃ’ ityeke paṭhanti| prasannacittavākceṣṭamiti prasannaśabdo'pi cittādibhiḥ saha pratyekaṃ sambadhyate; ceṣṭā kāyaparispandaḥ| kleśasahaṃ duḥkhasaham| upanayet dīkṣet| ata iti ata evaṅguṇaviśiṣṭācchiṣyāt, viparītaguṇaṃ visadṛśaguṇaṃ, nopanayet na dīkṣet| anvayādiyuktaṃ śiṣyamupanayedityukte guṇahīnasya niṣedhe siddhe punarniṣedhavacanaṃ niyamārthaṃ, tena viparītaguṇaṃ nopanayedeva||3||
upanayanīyaṃ tu brāhmaṇaṃ 1 praśasteṣu tithikaraṇamuhūrtanakṣatreṣu praśastāyāṃ diśi śucau same deśe caturhastaṃ caturasraṃ sthaṇḍilamupalipya gomayena, darbhaiḥ saṃstīrya ratnapuṣpalājabhaktairdevatāḥ 2 pūjayitvā viprān bhiṣajaśca, tatrollikhyābhyukṣya ca dakṣiṇato brahmāṇaṃ sthāpayitvā'gnimupasamādhāya, khadirapalāśadevadārubilvānāṃ samidbhiścaturṇāṃ vā kṣīrivṛkṣāṇāṃ (nyagrodhodumbarāśvatthamadhūkānāṃ) dadhimadhughṛtāktābhirdārvīhaumikena vidhinā sapraṇavābhirmahāvyāhṛtibhiḥ sruveṇājyāhutīrjuhuyāt, tataḥ pratidaivatamṛṣīṃśca svāhākāraṃ kuryāt, śiṣyamapi kārayet ||4||
śiṣyaguṇasampadamabhidhāya, upanayanavidhiṃ vaktumāha- upanayanīyaṃ tvityādi|- upanayanīyam upanayanārhaṃ pūrvoditaguṇasampannaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ śiṣyaṃ bhiṣak svāhākāraṃ kārayediti sambandhaḥ| kadā kārayedityāha- praśasteṣvityādi| kiṃ kṛtvetyāha- praśastāyāmityādi, tadanu ratnapuṣpetyādi, tataśca tatrollikhyetyādi, tadanantaramagnimupasamādhāya khadirādīnāṃ kṣīrivṛkṣāṇāṃ vā dadhimadhughṛtāktābhiḥ samidbhiḥ kṛtvā dārvīhaumikena vidhinā juhuyāt, tathā sapraṇavābhirmahāvyāhṛtibhirupalakṣitāḥ sruveṇa kṛtvā ājyāhutīreva juhuyāditi sambandhaḥ| anye tu ‘upanayanīyastu brāhmaṇaḥ’ iti paṭhanti, vyākhyānayanti ca- upanayanīya iti kartari prayogaḥ; tena upanetā brāhmaṇa idamidaṃ kṛtvā ājyāhutīrjuhuyāditi kriyāpadena sambandhaḥ| prāk brāhmaṇagrahaṇaṃ varṇeṣu madhye tasya śreṣṭhatvāt| praśasteṣu tithikaraṇamuhūrtanakṣatreṣviti tithayaḥ pratipadādyāḥ, karaṇāni bavabālavādīni, muhūrtāstriṃśat śivādyā anilaparyantāḥ, nakṣatrāṇi aśvinīprabhṛtīni; eṣāṃ praśastatvaṃ jyotiḥśāstravidāṃ vacanādunneyam| praśastāyāṃ diśi prācyāmudīcyāṃ vā| caturasraṃ catuṣkoṇam| gomayena gopurīṣeṇa| sthaṇḍilaṃ vratasādhanapiṇḍikāṃ, gocarmamātrabhūpradeśaḥ sthaṇḍilamityanye; eke caturhastasthāne ‘gocarmamātraṃ’ iti 3 paṭhitvā gocarmamātrasthaṇḍilayorvyākhyānaṃ kurvanti- gocarmamātraṃ caturhastapramāṇaṃ, sthaṇḍilaṃ saṃskṛtā bhūḥ| tatreti tasmin sthaṇḍile; ullikhya ūrdhvamukhīṃ lekhāṃ kṛtvā; abhyukṣya jalena siktvā| agnimupasamādhāya sannidhāne āropya| caturṇāṃ vā kṣīrivṛkṣāṇāmiti nyagrodhodumbarāśvatthamadhūkānām| dārvīhaumikena vidhineti dārvīhomaproktakalpena; dārvīhaumiko vidhistu brāhmaṇānāṃ chandovidāṃ prasiddhaḥ| sapraṇavābhiḥ soṅkārābhiḥ, mahāvyāhṛtibhiḥ bhūḥ svāhetyādibhiḥ; tathāhi- oṃ bhūḥ svāhā, oṃ bhuvaḥ svāhā, oṃ svaḥ svāhā, oṃ bhūrbhuvaḥ svaḥ svāhā, iti| sruveṇājyāhutīrjuhuyāditi dāruhastakena ghṛtāhutīrdadyāt| pratidaivatamṛṣīṃśceti cakārāt ṛṣīṃścetyatrāpi pratiśabdaḥ sambadhyate; tena pratidaivataṃ pratiṛṣīnityarthaḥ| tatra pratidaivataṃ brahmaṇe svāhā, prajāpataye svāhā, aśvibhyāṃ svāhā, indrāya svāhā; pratiṛṣīniti dhanvantaraye svāhā, bharadvājāya svāhā, ātreyāya svāhā, ityādi||4||
brāhmaṇastrayāṇāṃ varṇānāmupanayanaṃ kartumarhati, (rājanyo dvayasya, vaiśyo vaiśyasyaiveti;) śūdramapi kulaguṇasampannaṃ mantravarjamanupanītamadhyāpayedityeke ||5||
brāhmaṇastrayāṇāmityādi| anye tvasyāgre ‘rājanyo dvayasya, vaiśyo vaiśyasyaiva’ iti paṭhanti, sa ca nibandhairanārṣīkṛtaḥ| śūdramapi kulaguṇasampannamityādi kulaguṇasampannamiti sampannaśabdaḥ kulaguṇābhyāṃ pratyekaṃ sambadhyate, kulasampannamāyurvedādhyāyikulasaṃyuktaṃ, guṇasampannaṃ vayaḥśaucādiśiṣyaguṇasaṃyuktam| anupanītaṃ dīkṣārahitam| ‘śūdramapi guṇasampannaṃ mantravarjamupanīyādhyāpayedityeke’ iti kecit paṭhanti||5||
tato'gniṃ triḥ pariṇīyāgnisākṣikaṃ śiṣyaṃ brūyāt- kāmakrodhalobhamohamānāhaṅkārerṣyāpāruṣyapaiśunyānṛtālasyāyaśasyāni hitvā, nīcanakharomṇāśucinā kaṣāyavāsasā satyavratabrahmacaryābhivādanatatpareṇāvaśyaṃ bhavitavyaṃ, madanumatasthānagamanaśayanāsanabhojanādhyayanapareṇa bhūtvā matpriyahiteṣu vartitavyam; ato'nyathā te vartamānasyādharmo bhavati, aphalā ca vidyā, na ca prākāśyaṃ prāpnoti ||6||
tato'gnimityādi| triḥ pariṇīya trīn vārān pradakṣiṇīkṛtya, agnisākṣikaṃ śiṣyaṃ brūyāditi agnisākṣikaṃ yathā syādevaṃ śiṣyaṃ brūyāt| kiṃ brūyādityāha- kāmādīn hitvā parityajya, matpriyahiteṣu vartitavyamiti|- kāmaḥ viśiṣṭastrīviṣayasparśasaṅkalpaḥ, athavā śabdādiṣu grahaṇapravṛttirvā, svabāndhavakṛtasneho vā kāmaḥ; krodhaḥ parasyāpakārapūrvakaṃ hṛdayottejaḥ; lobhaḥ parasvagrahaṇecchā; mohastu tattvajñāne mūḍhatā, sā punastribhiḥ kāraṇaiḥ- ajñānāt, saṃśayajñānāt, mithyājñānācca; mānaḥ sarvatrotkarṣeṇātmano jñānaṃ; kārye'parāmarśato'hamiti pravṛttirahaṅkāraḥ; īrṣyā parasampattāvasahiṣṇutā; pāruṣyaṃ vāgrūkṣatā; paiśunyaṃ sūcakatā; anṛtamasatyaṃ; ālasyaṃ karmaṇyanutsāhaḥ; ayaśasyāni vācyasthānapravartanāni; hitvā parityajya| nīcanakharomṇeti klṛptatvānnīcamalpaṃ nakhādi yasya sa tathā, tena| satyavratabrahmacaryābhivādanatatpareṇeti tatparaśabdaḥ satyādibhiḥ pratyekaṃ sambadhyate; brahmacaryaṃ samastendriyasaṃyamaḥ| avaśyamiti nānyathetyarthaḥ| madanumatāni mayā'nujñātāni matkathitānītyarthaḥ; sthānādipareṇa bhūtvā tanniṣṭhena bhūtvā| prākāśyaṃ prasiddhim||6||
ahaṃ vā tvayi samyagvartamāne yadyanyathādarśī syāmenobhāgbhaveyamaphalavidyaśca ||7||
śiṣyapravṛttimātmaviṣaye niyamya, śiṣyaviṣaye ātmapravṛttiṃ niyamayannāha- ahaṃ vetyādi| yadyanyathādarśī syām anyaprakāradarśī bhaveyaṃ, tadā enobhāgbhaveyaṃ pāpabhājanaṃ bhavāmītyarthaḥ||7||
dvijagurudaridramitrapravrajitopanatasādhvanāthābhyupagatānāṃ cātmabāndhavānāmiva svabhaiṣajaiḥ pratikartavyam, evaṃ sādhu bhavati; vyādhaśākunikapatitapāpakāriṇāṃ ca na pratikartavyam; evaṃ vidyā prakāśate mitrayaśodharmārthakāmāṃśca prāpnoti ||8||
śiṣyasya āture pravṛttiṃ niyamayannāha- dvijetyādi| pravrajitāḥ tapasvinaḥ, upanatāḥ sannidhāne praṇayayuktāḥ, sādhavaḥ satpuruṣāḥ; anāthāḥ ekākinaḥ, abhyupagatā dūrādāyātāḥ santo'ṅgīkṛtāḥ 4; eṣāṃ pratikartavyaṃ pratividhātavyam| evaṃ sādhu bhavati anena prakāreṇa śobhanaṃ bhavati| idānīmapravṛttiṃ darśayannāha- vyādhetyādi|- vyādhādiṣu satyapyarthalābhe na pratikartavyam| vyādhā vāgurikādayaḥ, śākunikāḥ pakṣiṇāṃ hantāraḥ, patitāḥ svakīyācārabhraṣṭāḥ, pāpakāriṇaḥ gurutalpagādayaḥ| na pratikartavyaṃ nopacaraṇīyam| evaṃ vidyā prakāśate anena prakāreṇa vidyā svayameva prakāśaṃ yāti, kecit ‘prakāśyate’ iti paṭhanti||8||
bhavataścātra- kṛṣṇe'ṣṭamī tannidhane'hanī dve śukle tathā'pyevamahardvisandhyam 5| akālavidyutstanayitnughoṣe svatantrarāṣṭrakṣitipavyathāsu ||9|| śmaśānayānādyatanāhaveṣu 6 mahotsavautpātikadarśaneṣu | nādhyeyamanyeṣu ca yeṣu viprā nādhīyate nāśucinā ca nityam ||10||
idānīmanadhyayanakālamāha- kṛṣṇe ityādi| kṛṣṇe'ṣṭamīti kṛṣṇapakṣe yā aṣṭamī, tannidhane kṛṣṇapakṣāvasāne, ahanī dve caturdaśyamāvasye; śukle śuklapakṣe'pi, tathā tenaiva prakāreṇa, nādhyeyamiti; tenātrāpi aṣṭamīcaturdaśīpaurṇamāsīṣu nādhyeyamiti| tatpratipadostu pāṭhaniṣedhaḥ ‘anyeṣu ca yeṣu viprā nādhīyate’ ityanena gamyate; anye tu pratipadāvanyathā gṛhītuṃ vyākhyānayanti- tannidhane iti kṛṣṇapakṣāvasāne ahani nādhyeyaṃ, tena amāvāsyā gṛhītā; ahanī dve iti kṛṣṇapakṣāvasānasamīpe yau dvau divasau tayorapi nādhyeyaṃ, tena caturdaśīpratipadau| ahāni niyamya aharavayavānniyantumāha- ahardvisandhyamiti|- ahani dvayoḥ sandhyayornādhyeyamiti| akālavidyutstanayitnughoṣe iti akālaśabdo vidyutstanayitnughoṣābhyāṃ saha sambadhyate; akālavidyut anārtavā vidyut; vidyudgrahaṇamupalakṣaṇaṃ, tenākālikī vṛṣṭirgṛhyate, akālavṛṣṭiḥ anṛtuvṛṣṭiḥ, sā tu hemantaśiśirayoḥ; tathā coktaṃ- ‘‘pauṣādicaturo māsān smṛtā vṛṣṭirakālikī’’- iti; akālastanayitnughoṣa iti anṛtumeghagarjitam, anye sandhyāmeghagarjitamācakṣate| svatantrarāṣṭrakṣitipavyathāsviti 7 svaśabdastantrādibhiḥ pratyekaṃ sambadhyate; tenātmīyalokadeśabhūpapīḍāsu| śmaśānayānādyatanāhaveṣviti śmaśānaṃ mṛtamartyadāhasthānaṃ, yānaṃ hastyādi, adyatanaṃ vadhasthānam 8, āhavaḥ saṅgrāmaḥ| mahotsavautpātikadarśaneṣviti mahotsavāḥ śakrotsavādayaḥ; tathāhi- bhādrapadapaurṇamāsyāṃ śakrasya mahotsavaḥ, āśvinyāṃ kaumudīmahotsavaḥ, uttarāyaṇasaṅkrāntau kuberamahotsavaḥ, caitraśuklatrayodaśyāṃ madanamahotsavaḥ, ityādayaḥ; utpātaḥ aniṣṭasūcakanimittaṃ nirghātādi; anye tūtpātaṃ trividhamācakṣate- bhaumam, āntarikṣaṃ, divyamiti; teṣu madhye bhauma utpātaḥ sthirājātaḥ, āntarikṣo gandharvapurendracāpādi, divyo grahanakṣatravaikṛtamutpātādiśca; utpāta eva autpātikaḥ| anuktasaṅgrahārthamāha- nādhyeyamanyeṣu cetyādi| te ca kālaviśeṣāśchandogānāṃ vacanādevāvagantavyā iti| anye tvatra ucchiṣṭādibhojavacanamāśrayanti| kṛṣṇāṣṭamīti kecit paṭhanti||9-10||
iti suśrutasaṃhitāyāṃ sūtrasthāne śiṣyopanayanīyo nāma dvitīyo'dhyāyaḥ ||2||
iti śrīḍalha(hla)ṇaviracitāyāṃ suśrutavyākhyāyāṃ nibandhasaṅgrahākhyāyāṃ sūtrasthāne dvitīyo'dhyāyaḥ||2||
pāṭhāntarāḥ
- 1 ‘upanayanīyastu brāhmaṇaḥ’ iti pā. ↩
- 2 ‘puṣpairlājabhaktai ratnaiśca’ iti pā. ↩
- 3 ‘iti paṭhanti, paṭhitvā’ iti pā. ↩
- 4 ‘ete tvayā santoṣīkṛtā ityarthaḥ’ iti pā. ↩
- 5 ‘kṛṣṇetare’ iti pā. ↩
- 6 ‘… dhvavanāhaveṣu’ iti pā. ↩
- 7 ‘tantraṃ balam’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 8 ‘adyabhavo'dyatanaḥ āhavo yuddhaṃ yajño vā yatra nagare grāme vā teṣu’ iti hārāṇacandraḥ ↩