athāto dravyarasaguṇavīryavipākavijñānīyamadhyāyaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ
||1|| yathovāca bhagavān dhanvantariḥ
||2||
athāta ityādi| dravyādīnāṃ vijñānaṃ viśiṣṭajñānaṃ tadadhikṛtya kṛto'dhyāya
ityarthaḥ| dravyamauṣadhamucyate, raso madhurādikaḥ, guṇāḥ
śītoṣṇasnigdharūkṣamandatīkṣṇagurulaghupicchilaviśadaślakṣṇaparuṣakaṭhinamṛdudravasāndrasthirasarasthūlasūkṣmā
viṃśatiḥ, vīryaṃ cāṣṭavidhaṃ, tadyathā-
śītoṣṇasnigdharūkṣaviśadapicchilamṛdutīkṣṇāni, viṃśatiguṇānāṃ madhye
eteṣāmaṣṭānāṃ guṇānāṃ vīryamiti sañjñā| nanu, guṇādvīryāṇāṃ ko bhedaḥ? ucyate-
ya eva guṇā āmalakyāṃ ta eva harītakyām, asti ca vīrye viśeṣaḥ; tathāhi-
uṣṇavīryā harītakī, śītavīryamāmalakamiti; etenaitaduktaṃ bhavati-
dravyarasaguṇavipākairyat karma kartuṃ na śakyate tat karma kurvan prabhāvo
vīryamucyate, tathāhi- “vīryaṃ śaktirutpattiviśeṣaḥ, sāmarthyaṃ prabhāva
ityanarthāntaram”| yaddravyaṃ pariṇāmakāle svābhāvikaṃ rasaṃ parityajya
rasāntaraṃ bhajate tatra ‘vipāka’ iti sañjñā||1-2||
kecidācāryā
1
bruvate- dravyaṃ pradhānaṃ, kasmāt? vyavasthitatvāt, iha khalu dravyaṃ
vyavasthitaṃ na rasādayaḥ, yathā
2
āme phale ye rasādayaste pakve na santi; nityatvācca, nityaṃ hi dravyamanityā
guṇāḥ, yathā kalkādipravibhāgaḥ, sa eva sampannarasagandho vyāpannarasagandho
3
vā bhavati; svajātyavasthānācca, yathā hi pārthivaṃ dravyamanyabhāvaṃ na
gacchatyevaṃ śeṣāṇi; pañcendriyagrahaṇāśca, pañcabhirindriyairgṛhyate dravyaṃ
na rasādayaḥ; āśrayatvācca, dravyamāśritā rasādayaḥ; ārambhasāmarthyācca,
dravyāśrita ārambhaḥ, yathā- ‘vidārigandhādimāhṛtya saṅkṣudya vipacet’
ityevamādiṣu na rasādiṣvārambhaḥ; śāstraprāmāṇyācca, śāstre hi dravyaṃ
pradhānamupadeśe yogānāṃ, yathā- ‘mātuluṅgāgnimanthau ca’ ityādau na rasādaya
upadiśyante; kramāpekṣitatvācca rasādīnāṃ, rasādayo hi dravyakramamapekṣante,
yathā- taruṇe taruṇāḥ sampūrṇe sampūrṇā iti; ekadeśasādhyatvācca,
dravyāṇāmekadeśenāpi vyādhayaḥ sādhyante, yathā- mahāvṛkṣakṣīreṇeti;
tasmāddravyaṃ pradhānaṃ, na rasādayaḥ, kasmāt? niravayavatvāt | dravyalakṣaṇaṃ
tu ‘kriyāguṇavat samavāyikāraṇam’ iti ||3||
tatra pratyekaṃ dravyādiprādhānyamekīyamatena pratipādayiṣyan dravyaprādhānyaṃ
prathamaṃ sakāraṇaṃ pratipādayannāha- kecidityādi| vyavasthitatvāditi| dravyaṃ
hi vyavatiṣṭhate na rasādayaḥ, yathā- āmraphalamekameva prathamaṃ kaṣāyāmlaṃ
paścādamlaṃ tato madhuramapi bhavati, na tu tadevāmraphalamāmrātakaṃ kośāmraṃ
vā bhavati| dravyaprādhānye dvitīyaṃ hetumāha- nityatvādityādi|- nityatvāt
kiyatkālāvasthitatvādityarthaḥ| anityā guṇā iti vināśina ityarthaḥ| kalketyādi
ādigrahaṇāt svarasaśṛtaśītaphāṇṭānāmapi grahaṇam| sa eva kalkādipravibhāga
eva| sampannarasagandho vā bhavatīti saṃyuktarasaḥ saṃyuktagandho vā
bhavatītyarthaḥ| etenaitaduktaṃ bhavati- kalkādyavasthāsvapi dravyaṃ tadeva
nānyataraddravyaṃ, rasagandhau tvanyau saṃyuktau bhavata iti guṇādanityāt
4
dravyaṃ nityam| anye kalkādisthāne ‘kālādipravibhāgāt’ iti paṭhanti| teṣāṃ
mate ādigrahaṇājjalavātadeśasomasūryā gṛhyante| tadyathā- ‘tā evauṣadhayo
grīṣme niḥsārā rūkṣā’ (sū. a.6) ityādi| dravyaprādhānye tṛtīyaṃ hetuṃ
darśayannāha- svajātyavasthānācceti|- svasyāṃ
pārthivādijātāvavasthitatvādityarthaḥ| anyabhāvaṃ na gacchati āpyādijātiṃ na
gacchati| caturthaṃ kāraṇaṃ darśayannāha- pañcetyādi|
pañcabhirindriyairdravyaṃ gṛhyate, dravye gṛhīte tadāśrayā guṇā gṛhītā
bhavanti; guṇāśca śabdasparśarūparasagandhāḥ| dravye śabdo'pyasti; yathā-
pārthivadravye kaṭakaṭāśabdaḥ, āpye khalakhalāśabdaḥ, taijase taṭataṭāśabda
ityādikaḥ| vāyavyadravyamākāśadravyaṃ cānumānagrāhyamamūrtatvāt| na rasādaya
iti rasaguṇavīryavipākāstu na pañcendriyagrāhyā ityarthaḥ| pañcamaṃ hetuṃ
darśayannāha- āśrayatvādityādi| āśraya idaṃ dravyaṃ rasādīnām| ṣaṣṭhaṃ hetuṃ
darśayannāha- ārambhetyādi| ārambhasāmarthyāt upakramasāmarthyādityarthaḥ|
saṅkṣudya cūrṇayitvetyarthaḥ| saptamaṃ hetuṃ darśayannāha- śāstretyādi|
aṣṭamaṃ hetuṃ darśayannāha- krametyādi| taruṇe taruṇā iti abhinave abhinavā
ityarthaḥ| navamaṃ hetumāha- ekadeśetyādi| dravyaprādhānyamabhidhāya
dravyalakṣaṇamāha- dravyalakṣaṇamityādi| kriyāguṇavaditi
kriyāguṇavaddravyamityarthaḥ; kriyā karma, guṇā uktā viṃśatiḥ|
samavāyikāraṇamapi dravyameva; yathā- paṭe tantavaḥ, ghaṭe mṛtpiṇḍa ityādi; na
ca kriyāyāṃ kriyā samavetā, na guṇeṣu guṇāśca samavetā iti||3||
netyāhuranye
5, rasāstu pradhānaṃ; kasmāt? āgamāt, āgamo hi śāstramucyate; śāstre hi rasā
adhikṛtāḥ, yathā- rasāyatta āhāra iti, tasmiṃstu prāṇāḥ; upadeśācca,
upadiśyante hi rasāḥ, yathā- madhurāmlalavaṇā vātaṃ śamayanti; anumānācca,
rasena hyanumīyate dravyaṃ, yathā- madhuramiti; ṛṣivacanācca, ṛṣivacanaṃ vedo
yathā- kiñcidijyārthaṃ madhuramāharediti, tasmādrasāḥ pradhānaṃ; raseṣu
guṇasañjñā | rasalakṣaṇamanyatropadekṣyāmaḥ
||4||
rasaprādhānye ekīyaṃ darśanaṃ nirdiśannāha- netyādi| netyāhuranye
dravyaprādhānyamanye na bruvata ityarthaḥ| tasmiṃstu prāṇā iti āhāre sati
prāṇā ityarthaḥ| rasaprādhānye dvitīyaṃ hetumāha- upadeśādityādi| atraiva
tṛtīyaṃ hetumāha- anumānādityādi| caturthaṃ hetumāha- ṛṣivacanādityādi|
ijyārthaṃ yāgārthaṃ; madhuramāharediti madhurarasamāharet ānayet, na tu
dravyamānayediti| guṇasyāpi kimiti na prādhānyaṃ sādhitamityāśaṅkyāha-
raseṣvityādi| atrādiśabdo lupto draṣṭavyaḥ; etenaitaduktaṃ bhavati-
rasādiprādhānyenaiva sādhitena guṇapradhānyaṃ sādhitaṃ bhavati| yathā
dravyalakṣaṇamuktaṃ tathā rasasyāpi kimiti noktamityāha- rasalakṣaṇamityādi|
anyatra rasavijñānīye||4||
netyāhuranye
6, vīryaṃ pradhānamiti | kasmāt? tadvaśenauṣadhakarmaniṣpatteḥ |
ihauṣadhakarmāṇyūrdhvādhobhāgobhayabhāgasaṃśodhanasaṃśamanasaṅgrāhikāgnidīpanapīḍanalekhanabṛṃhaṇa-
rasāyanavājīkaraṇaśvayathukaravilayanadahanadāraṇamādanaprāṇaghnaviṣapraśamanādīni
vīryaprādhānyādbhavanti | tacca vīryaṃ dvividhamuṣṇaṃ śītaṃ ca,
agnīṣomīyatvājjagataḥ | kecidaṣṭavidhamāhuḥ- śītamuṣṇaṃ snigdhaṃ rūkṣaṃ
viśadaṃ
7
picchilaṃ mṛdu tīkṣṇaṃ ceti | etāni vīryāṇi
svabalaguṇotkarṣādrasamabhibhūyātmakarma kurvanti | yathā tāvanmahatpañcamūlaṃ
kaṣāyaṃ tiktānurasaṃ vātaṃ śamayati, uṣṇavīryatvāt; tathā kulatthaḥ kaṣāyaḥ,
kaṭukaḥ palāṇḍuḥ, snehabhāvācca; madhuraścekṣuraso vātaṃ vardhayati,
śītavīryatvāt; kaṭukā pippalī pittaṃ śamayati, mṛduśītavīryatvāt;
amlamāmalakaṃ lavaṇaṃ saindhavaṃ ca; tiktā kākamācī pittaṃ vardhayati,
uṣṇavīryatvāt, madhurā matsyāśca; kaṭukaṃ mūlakaṃ śleṣmāṇaṃ vardhayati,
snigdhavīryatvāt; amlaṃ kapitthaṃ śleṣmāṇāṃ śamayati, rūkṣavīryatvāt, madhuraṃ
kṣaudraṃ ca; tadetannidarśanamātramuktam
||5||
apareṣāṃ vīryavādināṃ mataṃ nirdiśannāha- netyāhuranye ityādi|- īdṛśamanye na
bruvanti| tadvaśeneti vīryavaśena| kāni punastānyauṣadhakarmāṇītyāha-
ihauṣadhetyādi|- saṃśodhanaṃ vraṇādīnāṃ; saṃśamanamiti vamanavirecanādikaṃ
vinā tatsthameva śamayati saṃśamanaṃ, saṃśamanabhedā eva sāṅgrahikādayaḥ;
pīḍanamiti śālmalītvagādīnāṃ vraṇe karmaviśeṣaḥ; lekhanaṃ pattalīkaraṇaṃ;
bṛṃhaṇaṃ śarīravṛddhikaraṃ; rasāyanaṃ vayaḥsthāpanādikaraṇaṃ; vājīkaraṇaṃ
vājivadyenāpratihataḥ striyaṃ yāti, anye tu vājiśabdena śukramucyate,
tato'vājino vājinaḥ kriyante yeneti vājīkaraṇaṃ, śukrotpādakamityāhuḥ;
śvayathukaravilayaneti karavilayanaśabdau śvayathuśabdena saha pratyekaṃ
sambadhyete, ‘śvayathuharavilayana’ ityeke paṭhanti; dahanaṃ kṣārādinā;
dāraṇaṃ gṛdhrapurīṣādinā; mādanaṃ mattatākaraṇam, etacca madirādīnāṃ karma;
prāṇaghnatvaṃ viṣādeḥ; viṣapraśamanatvamagadādīnāṃ;
viṣapraśamanādīnītyatrādiśabdena vraṇaropaṇaromasañjananādayo gṛhyante|
svabalaguṇotkarṣāditi svabalotkarṣāt svaguṇotkarṣāccetyarthaḥ| ātmakarma
kurvanti vātādidoṣaśamanaṃ kopanaṃ vā kurvanti| abhibhūya nirākaraṇaṃ
kṛtvetyarthaḥ| snehabhāvāccetyatrāpi vātaṃ śamayatīti yojyam|
madhuraścekṣurasa ityādi na kevalaṃ vātaṃ śamayatīti vīryaṃ rasamabhibhūya
prakopayatyapi vātamityarthaḥ| kaṭukā pippalītyādi atrārdrā pippalī yadi
gṛhyate tadā tasyāḥ svāduśītatvāt kaṭuketi viśeṣaṇaṃ yuktaṃ na syāt, atha
śuṣkā tadā tasyāḥ kaṭūṣṇatvāt pittaṃ hantīti viśeṣaṇamayuktaṃ bhavet; satyaṃ,
‘teṣu gurvī svāduśītā pippalyārdrā kaphāvahā’ ityatra pāṭhe śītā ceti cakāro
draṣṭavyaḥ, tena na kevalaṃ śītā kaṭukā cetyarthaḥ, tato nārdrapakṣe doṣaḥ;
śuṣkapakṣe tu ‘śuṣkā kaphānilaghnī sā vṛṣyā pittāvirodhinī’ ityatra pittena
saheṣadvirodhinīti vyākhyānānna doṣaḥ; keṣāñcinmate ‘pittaprakopaṇī’ iti
pāṭhaḥ, teṣāṃ mate pittaśamanīyatvaṃ pippalyā vīryavādināṃ mataṃ, na punaḥ
satyameṣā pittaṃ śamayati; yadi vā ārdrā pittapraśamanī śuṣkā prakopaṇīti|
amlamāmalakaṃ lavaṇaṃ saindhavaṃ caityatrāpi mṛduśītavīryatvāt pittaṃ
śamayatīti yojyam| tiktā kākamācītyādi pittaṃ vardhayati kevalaṃ na
8
tu prakopayati, tasyāstridoṣaghnītvāt| anye cātraivaṃ vadanti- vīryavādī
evamuṣṇavīryāṃ kākamācīṃ manyate, ācāryastu nātyuṣṇaśītām, ata eva
tridoṣaghnītvaṃ kākamācyā iti| madhurā matsyāścetyatrāpi pittaṃ vardhayantīti
yojyam| mūlakaṃ bṛhanmūlakaṃ ; na punarbālakaṃ, tridoṣaghnatvāt||5||
bhavanti cātra- ye rasā vātaśamanā bhavanti yadi teṣu vai |
raukṣyalāghavaśaityāni na te hanyuḥ samīraṇam
||6|| ye rasāḥ pittaśamanā bhavanti yadi
teṣu vai | taikṣṇyauṣṇyalaghutāścaiva na te tatkarmakāriṇaḥ
||7|| ye rasāḥ śleṣmaśamanā bhavanti yadi
teṣu vai | snehagauravaśaityāni na te tatkarmakāriṇaḥ
||8|| tasmādvīryaṃ pradhānamiti
||9||
dravyāśritaṃ vīryakarmābhidhāya rasāśritaṃ vīryakarmāha- bhavanti cātretyādi|
ye rasā vātaśamanā madhurāmlalavaṇāḥ, ye rasāḥ pittaśamanā
madhuratiktakaṣāyāḥ, ye rasāḥ śleṣmaśamanāḥ kaṭutiktakaṣāyāḥ||6-9||
netyāhuranye
9, vipākaḥ pradhānamiti | kasmāt? samyaṅmithyāvipakvatvāt; iha
sarvadravāṇyabhyavahṛtāni samyaṅmithyāvipakvāni guṇaṃ doṣaṃ vā janayanti |
tatrāhuranye- prati rasaṃ pāka iti | kecittrividhamicchanti- madhuramamlaṃ
kaṭukaṃ ceti | tattu na samyak, bhūtaguṇādāmāccānyo'mlo vipāko nāsti; pittaṃ
hi vidagdhamamlatāmupaityāgneyatvāt; yadyevaṃ lavaṇo'pyanyaḥ pāko bhaviṣyati,
śleṣmā hi vidagdho lavaṇatāmupaitīti | madhuro madhurasyāmlo'mlasyaivaṃ
sarveṣāmiti kecidāhuḥ; dṛṣṭāntaṃ copadiśanti- yathā tāvat kṣīramukhāgataṃ
pacyamānaṃ madhurameva syāttathā śāliyavamudgādayaḥ prakīrṇāḥ
svabhāvamuttarakāle'pi na parityajanti tadvaditi | kecidvadanti- abalavanto
balavatāṃ vaśamāyāntīti | evamanavasthitiḥ, tasmādasiddhānta eṣaḥ | āgame hi
dvividha eva pāko madhuraḥ kaṭukaśca | tayormadhurākhyo guruḥ, kaṭukākhyo
laghuriti | tatra pṛthivyaptejovāyvākāśānāṃ dvaividhyaṃ bhavati
guṇasādharmyādgurutā laghutā ca; pṛthivyāpaśca gurvyaḥ, śeṣāṇi laghūni;
tasmāddvividha eva pāka iti ||10||
aparaṃ vipākavādimataṃ nirdiśannāha- netyāhurityādi| netyāhuranye vīryaṃ
pradhānamiti kecinna bruvate| tarhi kiṃ pradhānaṃ? vipākaḥ pradhānamiti,
viśiṣṭaḥ pāko vipākaḥ| sarvadravyāṇyabhyavahṛtānīti iha sarvaśabdo
vāmanīyadravyāṇi varjayitvā jñeyaḥ| guṇaṃ doṣaṃ vā janayanti guṇaṃ
samyagvipakvāni, doṣaṃ mithyāvipakvāni| pratirasaṃ pāka iti rasaṃ rasaṃ prati
pāka utpadyata ityarthaḥ| tattu na samyak, traividhyaṃ na samyagityarthaḥ|
kathaṃ punastraividhyaṃ na samyagityāha- bhūtaguṇādityādi| etena traividhyaṃ
nirastam| pratirasaṃ pāka iti pūrvoktaṃ sthāpayannāha- madhuro
madhurasyetyādi| amlo amlasyaivaṃ sarveṣāmiti kecidāhuriti padacchedaḥ|
dṛṣṭāntaṃ copadiśantīti pratirasapāke ityarthaḥ| ukhāgataṃ sthālīgatam|
prakīrṇā iti bhūmau nikṣiptāḥ phalitaparyantā ityarthaḥ| tadvaditi evaṃ rasā
api jaṭharāgnipakvāḥ svaṃ rūpaṃ madhurādikaṃ na tyajanti| tasmādityādi|-
tasmāt kecit pratirasaṃ pākaḥ, kecittrividhaḥ, anye'balavanto balavatāṃ
vaśamāyāntīti matānāmaniyatatvam; tasmādasiddhānta eṣa anāgama eṣa ityarthaḥ|
svamatamidānīṃ darśayannāha- āgame ityādi| āgame śāstre| anye ‘āgamastviha’
iti paṭhanti; tatra tuśabdo'pyarthaḥ, athavā viśeṣārthastuśabdaḥ, tena
pratyakṣādipramāṇāviruddho'pi śiṣṭāgama ityarthaḥ; athavā, āgamaśabdo'yaṃ
siddhāntavacanaḥ, tena siddhāntaḥ punarihetyarthaḥ| pṛthivyapteja ityādi|
pṛthivyādīnāṃ guṇasādharmyād guṇasamānatayā dvaividhyaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ|
guṇamevāha- gurutā laghutā ceti||10||
bhavanti cātra- dravyeṣu pacyamāneṣu yeṣvambupṛthivīguṇāḥ |
nirvartante'dhikāstatra pāko madhura ucyate
||11|| tejo'nilākāśaguṇāḥ pacyamāneṣu yeṣu
tu | nirvartante'dhikāstatra pākaḥ kaṭuka ucyate
||12||
bhavanti cātretyādi| nirvartante'dhikā iti jāyante utkaṭā ityarthaḥ||11-12||
pṛthaktvadarśināmeṣa
10
vādināṃ vādasaṅgrahaḥ | caturṇāmapi sāmagryamicchantyatra
11
vipaścitaḥ ||13||
evaṃ dravyarasavīryavipākavādināṃ savivādahetūni matāni nirdiśya svamataṃ
dravyādisāmagryalakṣaṇaṃ nirdiśannāha- pṛthaktvadarśināmityādi|
pṛthaktvadarśināṃ bhedadarśinām, eṣa vādasaṅgraha iti yojyam| vādasaṅgrahaśca
dravyaṃ pradhānaṃ, rasāḥ pradhānamityādikaḥ| svamatamāha- caturṇāmityādi|
caturṇāṃ rasaguṇavīryavipākānām| apiśabdaḥ samuccaye| na kevalamekasya
dvayostrayāṇāṃ vā, caturṇāmapītyarthaḥ| sāmagryaṃ samudāyatvam| icchanti
manyante| atra dravye| vipaścitaḥ paṇḍitāḥ||13||
taddravyamātmanā
12
kiñcitkiñcidvīryeṇa sevitam | kiñcidrasavipākābhyāṃ doṣaṃ hanti karoti vā
||14||
nanu, tarhi dravyameva kriyākāri na rasādaya ityāśaṅkyāha- tadityādi|| ātmanā
svayameva, dravyamātmanā kṛtvā kiñciddoṣaṃ hanti karoti vā, kiñciddravyameva
vīryeṇa kṛtvā hanti karoti vā, kiñciddhanti karoti vā rasavipākābhyāṃ kṛtvā,
sarvatra dravyaṃ hanane karaṇe ca kartṛkārakaṃ; tatra dravyamātmanā
pārthivāpyataijasavāyavyākāśīyasvarūpeṇa doṣaṃ hanti, yathā- khadiraḥ kuṣṭhaṃ,
doṣaśabdo'tra vyādhāvapi vartate; vīryeṇa dvividhenāṣṭavidhena vā sevitaṃ
dravyaṃ doṣaṃ hanti, tacca mahatpañcamūlādikametasminnadhyāye kathitameva;
rasena kṛtvā dravyaṃ doṣaṃ hanti, yathā- tiktā guḍūcyuṣṇavīryā'pi pittaṃ
śamayati; vipākena kṛtvā dravyaṃ doṣaṃ hanti, yathā- śuṇṭhī kaṭukā'pi vātaṃ
śamayati, madhuravipākatvāt||14||
pāko
13
nāsti vinā vīryādvīryaṃ nāsti vinā rasāt | raso nāsti vinā dravyāddravyaṃ
śreṣṭhatamaṃ
14
smṛtam ||15||
rasādīnāṃ dravyakāryatvāddravyasya prādhānyaṃ darśayannāha- pāka ityādi|
śreṣṭhatamaṃ praśasyatamam| etenāśrayo dravyam, āśrayiṇo rasādayaḥ||15||
janma
15
tu dravyarasayoranyonyāpekṣikaṃ smṛtam | anyonyāpekṣikaṃ janma yathā
syāddehadehinoḥ ||16|| vīryasañjñā
16
guṇā ye'ṣṭau te'pi dravyāśrayāḥ smṛtāḥ | raseṣu na bhavantyete nirguṇāstu
guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ ||17|| dravye
17
dravyāṇi yasmāddhi vipacyante na ṣaḍrasāḥ | śreṣṭhaṃ dravyamato jñeyaṃ, śeṣā
bhāvāstadāśrayāḥ ||18||
kāryakāraṇabhāve'pi yathā'gnerdhūmo jāyate naivaṃ rasādayo dravyājjāyante kiṃ
tarhi dravyarasādīnāṃ ca sahaiva janmeti darśayannāha- janma tvityādi|
anyonyāpekṣikamiti anyonyāśritamekavelotpattirityarthaḥ| kimivetyāha-
anyonyetyādi| dehaḥ śarīraṃ, dehī ātmā| evaṃ rasaṃ dravyāśrayaṃ pratipādya
vīryamapi dravyāśrayaṃ pratipādayannāha- vīryasañjñā ityādi| apiśabdādanye'pi
sthūlasūkṣmādayo guṇā dravyāśrayā eva| nirguṇāstu guṇāḥ smṛtā iti| ete
śītādayaḥ sthūlasūkṣmādayaścānye guṇāḥ, raso'pi guṇaḥ, ato guṇeṣu guṇā na
sambhavanti tasmāddravyasyaivaite śītādayo guṇā iti| tathā vipākamapi
dravyāśrayameva pratipādayannāha- dravye ityādi| dravye pañcabhūtātmakadehe,
dravyāṇi āhāradravyāṇi; na ṣaḍrasāḥ, niravayavatvāt| śeṣā bhāvā iti rasādaya
ityarthaḥ, tadāśrayā iti dravyāśrayā ityarthaḥ| atra pāṭhāntarāṇi
tadvyākhyānāntarāṇi ca bahūni santi, tāni vistarabhayānna likhitāni||16-18||
amīmāṃsyānyacintyāni
18
prasiddhāni svabhāvataḥ | āgamenopayojyāni bheṣajāni vicakṣaṇaiḥ
||19||
yathoktabheṣajānāṃ svabuddhyā vicāraniṣedhaṃ nidarśayannāha- amīmāṃsyānītyādi|
amīmāṃsyāni na vicāryāṇi, acintyāni yānyevācintyāni tānyevāmīmāṃsyāni| kāni
punastāni? khadiratuvarakarasāñjanaharidrādīni kuṣṭhaghnāni, na tu sarvāṇi
dravyāṇi; anyathā ‘vargamapi vargeṇopasṛjet’, tathā ‘bījenānena matimān
kuryādbastiśatānyapi’(ci. a. 38) ityādi viruddhaṃ bhavet| svabhāvato janmataḥ|
anye tu āgame yāni bheṣajāni prasiddhāni tānyamīmāṃsānyavicāraṇīyāni, kuto
hetoravicāryāṇi? yataḥ svabhāvato'cintyāni teṣāṃ svabhāvaścintayituṃ na
śakyata ityarthaḥ; yathā dravatvamapāmuṣṇatvamagnerityādi| kathaṃ punastāni
prayojyānītyāha- āgamenopayojyāni; āgamenaivaikenopayogaḥ kārya ityarthaḥ||19||
pratyakṣalakṣaṇaphalāḥ
19
prasiddhāśca svabhāvataḥ | nauṣadhīrhetubhirvidvān parīkṣeta kadācana
||20|| sahasreṇāpi hetūnāṃ
nāmbaṣṭhādirviracayet | tasmāttiṣṭhettu matimānāgame na tu hetuṣu
||21||
nanu, anumānaviruddhāni kathamāgamaikaprayojyānītyāśaṅkya, āgamasya
pratyakṣaphalatvena balīyastvaṃ darśayannāha- pratyakṣetyādi|
pratyakṣalakṣaṇaphalā hitāhitabhedena| kutaḥ punarhetubhirna parīkṣaṇīyaṃ
bheṣajaṃ prasiddhalakṣaṇaphalamityāha- sahasreṇetyādi||20-21||
iti suśrutasaṃhitāyāṃ sūtrasthāne dravyaguṇarasavīryavipākavijñānīyo nāma
catvāriṃśattamo'dhyāyaḥ ||40||
iti śrīḍalha(hla)ṇaviracitāyāṃ nibandhasaṅgrahākhyāyāṃ suśrutavyākhyāyāṃ
sūtrasthāne catvāriṃśo'dhyāyaḥ||40||
pāṭhāntarāḥ
- 1 ‘dravyādīnāṃ pratyekaṃ prādhānyamekīyamatena darśayituṃ dravyasya prādhānye prathamaṃ sahetukamekīyamatamāha- kecidityādi| etaccaikīyamatopadarśanaṃ samyagdravyādisvabhāvajñānārtham, abhiniviṣṭo hi vādī svapakṣasādhanārthaṃ svarūpaṃ prādhānyakhyāpakaṃ darśayati, tena cānte vakṣyamāṇācāryasiddhāntasahitena samyagarthapratītirbhavati| vyavasthitatvāditi avasthābhedena rasādibhede'pi dravyasya vyavasthitatvāt| yathā- āmraphalaṃ prathamaṃ kaṣāyāmlaṃ, madhye'mlaṃ, tato madhuram, evaṃ rasāvyavasthāne'pi dravyamātrarūpatayā vyavasthitatvam| nityatvācceti nityatvaṃ rasādināśe'pyavasthitatvamiha jñeyaṃ, vyavasthitatvaṃ tu rasānyathātve tadrūpatayā vyavasthitatvamiti bhedaḥ| kālādītyatrādiśabdena jalavātādayo gṛhyante| svajātyavasthānāditi pariṇāme'pi dravyaṃ svajātāvavatiṣṭhate na jātyantaraṃ bhavati, pārthivaṃ tu pārthivameva yadāpyaṃ tadāpyamevetyādisvajātyaparityāgaḥ| rasastu kṣīramadhuratvaṃ parityajyāmlatāṃ yātītyanusaraṇīyaṃ, jātiśceha pārthivatvādirūpā vyavasthitā'bhipretā, tena kṣīrasya dadhitvaṃ guḍasya śarkarātvamityādijātibhedo nodbhavanīyaḥ| pañcendriyagrahaṇādityatra pañcabhirindriyairdravyaṃ gṛhyate iti cakṣuṣā sparśanena tāvaddravyagrahaṇamavivādasiddhameva| ghrāṇarasanāśrotrāṇāmapi surabhi candanaṃ, madhuraḥ koṣakāraḥ, tathā susvarā vīṇetyādi sāmānādhikaraṇyajñānena dravyagrahaṇaṃ prati sphuṭataravyāpārād dravyagrāhakatvaṃ jñeyam| āśrayatvācceti rasādīnāṃ dravyamāśrayaḥ, tenāśritā rasādayaḥ paratantratvādapradhānāḥ, āśrayastu pradhānamityarthaḥ| kasmādrasādīnāmekadeśena vyādhayo na sādhyanta ityāha- niravayavatvāditi| kriyāvadguṇavat samavāyikāraṇaṃ dravyamiti kriyā karma, guṇā rasādayaḥ, samavāyikāraṇaṃ svasamavetakāryajanakam| ete kriyādayo rasādau vyāvṛtā itīhoktāḥ| sarvadravyavyāpakavijātīyavyāvṛttaṃ tu lakṣaṇamiha- kriyāguṇavattvameva| etadeva hi kriyāguṇayoryathākramaṃ dravyaṃ vyāpya kriyā dravye vidyate, guṇāḥ samavayantīti| vidyate iti sattāmātraṃ vyāptiḥ, samavayantīti vyāpya dravyamavatiṣṭhante, nahi nirguṇaṃ dravyaṃ kiñcidastīti’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 2 ‘tathāhi’ iti pā. ↩
- 3 ‘vyāpannarasagandha’ iti pāṭho hastalikhitapustake nopalabhyate, ḍalhaṇenāpi na vyākhyātaḥ| ‘yathā- kālādipravibhāgāttadeva sampannarasagandhaṃ vyāpannarasagandhaṃ vā bhavati’ iti cakrasammataḥ pāṭhaḥ ↩
- 4 ‘guṇā anityāḥ’ iti pā. ↩
- 5 ‘dravyādapi rasaprādhānyaṃ darśayituṃ dravyaprādhānyaṃ niṣedhayati- netyāhuranye iti| ete dravyaprādhānyakhyāpakā hetavo vaktavyarasaprādhānyahetvapekṣayā aprayojakā ityabhimāno rasavādino jñeyaḥ| evaṃ vīryavādinastathā vipākavādinaśca ‘netyāhuranye’ iti vacanamanayā diśā vyākhyeyam| rasaprādhānye āgamāditi hetuḥ āgama eva kaṇṭharaveṇa rasasya prādhānyaṃ kathayatītyāhuḥ| upadeśāditi tu rasena dravyādisamudāyakāryopadeśādityarthabhedo neyaḥ| ṛṣivacanamiha vedaḥ| ṛṣaya āptāḥ| tadvacanatā ca vedasya ṛṣibhiḥ prathamamudāharaṇāt, na tu ṛṣikāryatayā| kiṃvā nyāyamate maheśvararūparṣivacanatā vedasya jñeyā| dravyādiprādhānyavicāre kasmādguṇa nodbhāvitā ityāha- raseṣu tu guṇasañjñeti| raseṣvityupalakṣaṇaṃ, tena vīryavipākayorapi guṇasañjñeti boddhavyaṃ, tena rasādiprādhānyavyutpādanena guṇaviśeṣaprādhānyaṃ labhyata ityarthaḥ|’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 6 ‘vīryaprādhānyavādimatamāha- netyāhuranye ityādi| prādhānyāditi pradhānadharmayogāt, pradhānadharmaśca vīryavaśenauṣadhānāṃ kāryaniṣpādakatvam| atra vīryaśabdena dravyasya dvividhā'pi cintyā acintyā ca śaktirucyate| tatrācintyā śaktiryā tantrāntare prabhāva ityucyate sā grāhyā, tasyaiva ca vīryasya prabhāvākhyasya svatantre ‘taddravyamātmanā kiñcit’ ityanena grahaṇaṃ jñeyam| rasasya vipākasya ca śāstre pṛthaṅnirdeśānna vīryavyavahāraḥ, pariṇāmasaṅkhyādayo guṇā na śāstre tathā kāryakarā iti pṛthaktvena dravyarasādigaṇanāyāṃ gaṇyante| cintyāyāṃ vaidyasampradāyena śītoṣṇalakṣaṇaṃ dvividhamaṣṭavidhaṃ vā uṣṇaśītasnigdharūkṣaviśadapicchilamṛdutīkṣṇarūpamucyate| yadā dvividhaṃ vīryaṃ tadā snigdharūkṣādīnāṃ ṣaṇṇāmapi pariṇāmasaṅkhyādivadaprādhānyaṃ vivakṣitaṃ jñeyam| snigdhādīnāmaprādhānyavivakṣāyāṃ rasādidharmatayaiva kāryagrahaṇaṃ| vakṣyati hi- ‘madhuro rasaḥ snigdhaḥ’ ityādi| aṣṭavidhavīryapakṣe tūṣṇādīnāṃ sarveṣāmeva balavatkāryakartṛvivakṣayā vīryatvamiti sthitiḥ| samprati śāstre vyavahārasiddhameva vīryaṃ vivecayannāha- tattu vīryamityādi| kathametānyuṣṇādīni vīryākhyānītyāha- etāni khalvityādi| svabalaguṇotkarṣāditi balaṃ śaktiḥ, sa eva guṇaḥ praśastatvāt| svaśaktirūpaguṇotkarṣāduṣṇādīni rasamabhibhūya svakāryaṃ kurvanti|’ iti cakraḥ| ‘vīryaṃ śaktiḥ, sā ca pṛthivyādīnāṃ bhūtānāṃ yaḥ sārabhāgastadatiśayarūpā bodhyā| sā ca dvividhā, cintyācintyakriyāhetutvena| tatra cintyakriyāheturyā dravyarasādīnāṃ svasvakarmaṇi svabhāvasiddhā śaktiḥ, acintyakriyāhetuśca prabhāvāparaparyāyā dravyāṇāṃ rasādyananurūpakāryakāraṇaśaktiḥ| uktaṃ ca- “bhūtaprasādātiśayo dravye pāke rase sthitaḥ| cintyācintyakriyāheturvīryaṃ dhanvantarermatam”- iti| etena dravyarasapākānāṃ svasvakāryakaraṇasāmarthyaṃ vīryamityarthaḥ| yatpunaścarake- “vīryaṃ tu kriyate yena yā kriyā”- (ca. sū. a. 26) ityanena rasādīnāmapi vīryatvamuktaṃ, taddharmadharmiṇorabhedādeva samarthanīyam| na caivaṃ dravyasyāpi vīryatvaprasaṅgaḥ| yeneti karaṇe tṛtīyā, karaṇasyaiva śaktitvāt, dravyasya ca kartṛtvāt| etena dravyakartṛke rasādikaraṇake kārye rasādīnāmapi vīryatvamityarthaḥ| suśrute'pyuktaṃ- “yena kurvanti tadvīryam”- (su. sū. a. 41) iti| atra kecit- nanu, yadi śaktireva vīrya na tarhi śītoṣṇādilakṣaṇam, atha śītoṣṇādilakṣaṇaṃ na tadā śaktilakṣaṇamiti| satyaṃ, paramārthataḥ śaktireva vīryaṃ, sā punarbalavatkriyānirvartanakṣamā rasādinā'yogānnirupādhiriti tasyāḥ śītoṣṇādayo guṇā upādhitvenāṅgīkṛtāḥ, te tu dravyasamavāyino rasādiṣu punarupacaritavṛttaya iti| uktaṃ ca- “guṇāḥ karmavyavasthāyai dravyāṇāṃ rasapākayoḥ| śakteḥ karmasu śaktā ye nirupādherupādhayaḥ”- ityāhuḥ| yatpunaḥ “mṛdutīkṣṇagurulaghusnigdharūkṣoṣṇaśītalam| vīryamaṣṭavidhaṃ kecit keciddvividhamāsthitāḥ|| śītoṣṇamiti” (ca. sū. a. 26)- iti matabhedenāṣṭavidhaṃ dvividhaṃ vā vīryamityuktaṃ carakeṇa, tatpāribhāṣikavīryapuraskāreṇa| vaidyake hi rasavipākaprabhāvātirikte prabhūtakāryakāriṇi guṇe vīryamiti sañjñā| tenāṣṭavidhavīryavādimate picchilaviśadādayo guṇā na rasādiviparītaṃ kāryaṃ prāyaḥ kurvantīti teṣāṃ rasādyupadeśenaiva grahaṇaṃ| mṛdvādīnāmaṣṭānāṃ tu rasādyabhibhāvakatvamasti| suśrute'pyuktam- “etāni khalu vīryāṇi svabalaguṇotkarṣādrasamabhibhūyātmakarma kurvanti”- (su. sū. a. 40) iti| śītoṣṇavīryavādimataṃ tvagnīṣomīyatvājjagataḥ śītoṣṇayoreva prādhānyājjñeyam| uktaṃ ca- “nānātmakamapi dravyagnīṣomau mahābalau| vyaktāvyaktaṃ jagadiva nātikramati jātucit”- (vā. sū. a. 9) iti| prathamavādimate śaktimātraṃ vīryaṃ, tadyogādrasādīnāmapi vīryasañjñā| pāribhāṣikavīryavādimate tu śaktiviśeṣo vīryaṃ, tadyogānmṛdutīkṣṇādīnāmeva vīryasañjñā nāpareṣāṃ guṇānāmiti| śāstre vyavahārastu pāribhāṣikavīryanayenaiveti| bhavanti cātra- “śaktimātraṃ tu vīryaṃ syāditi kecidbudhā viduḥ| tanmate dravyarasayoḥ pākasya ca guṇasya ca|| mṛdvādeḥ svakriyotpāde śaktivīryamiti sthitiḥ| taduktaṃ carake- ‘vīryaṃ kriyate yena yā kriyā|| nāvīryaṃ kurute kiñcit sarvā vīryakṛtā kriyā’| ityanena rasādīnāṃ vīryatvaṃ tadabhedataḥ|| mṛdvādayo guṇā hyaṣṭau vīryāṇītyūcire pare| yasmāt sarvaguṇotkṛṣṭāḥ śaktyutkarṣayutā amī|| vyavahāropayuktāśca nedṛśāstvapare guṇāḥ| tasmānna te vīryasañjñā iti śāstravidāṃ matam|| anye śītoṣṇabhedena vīryaṃ dvividhamūcire| agnīṣomamayaṃ viśvaṃ yata etaccarācaram”- iti| prabhāvo'cintyakriyāhetuvīryameveti śaktiviśeṣa eva prabhāva ityabhidhīyate| prabhāvasattve ca carake mānamapyuktam| yathā- “rasavīryavipākanāṃ sāmānyaṃ yatra lakṣyate| viśeṣaḥ karmaṇāṃ caiva prabhāvastasya sa smṛtaḥ” (ca. sū. a. 26) iti| sāmānyamiti tulyatā, karmaṇāṃ punarviśeṣo na tulyatetyarthaḥ| etena dravyayordvayo rasādisāmye satyapyekasmin dravye jāyate kāryaviśeṣaḥ, itaratra tu na jāyate, ityatra yatkāraṇatayā vācyaṃ tadeva prabhāva ityarthaḥ| tathā rasādisāmyabhāve'pi rasādijanyatvena yatkāryaṃ nāvadhārayituṃ pāryate tadapi prabhāvakṛtameva mantavyaṃ| yathā- maṇyādīnāṃ viṣaharaṇādikaṃ karma” iti dravyaguṇasaṅgrahavyākhyāyāṃ śivadāsasenaḥ| “vīryaṃ punarvadantyeke guru snigdhaṃ himaṃ mṛdu| laghurūkṣoṣṇatīkṣṇaṃ ca tadevaṃ matamaṣṭadhā|| carakastvāha vīryaṃ tat kriyate yena yā kriyā| nāvīryaṃ kurute kiñcit sarvā vīryakṛtā hi sā|| gurvādiṣveva vīryākhyā tenānvartheti varṇyate| samagraguṇasāreṣu śaktyutkarṣavivartiṣu|| vyavahārāya mukhyatvādbahvagragrahaṇādapi| ataśca viparītatvāt sambhavatyapi naiva sā|| vivakṣyate rasādyeṣu vīryaṃ gurvādayo hyataḥ|” iti vāgbhaṭaḥ (vā. sū. a. 9) ↩
- 7 ‘guru laghu’ iti hārāṇacandrasammataḥ pāṭhaḥ| “neha gurulaghuśabdāvartanena viśadapicchilayoḥ pāṭho nyāyyaḥ, śāstre'smin kvacidapi tayorvīryatvenānupadeśādupadeśācca gurulaghunoḥ| vakṣyati ca ‘ye rasā’ ityupakramya ‘raukṣyalāghavaśaityāni na te hanyuḥ samīraṇam’ ityādi’ iti hārāṇacandraḥ ↩
- 8 ‘na tu samuditaṃ’ iti pā. ↩
- 9 ‘idānīṃ vipākaguṇā vācyāḥ, ato vipākasvarūpaṃ nirūpyate- avasthāpākāpekṣayā viśiṣṭaḥ pāko vipākaḥ| vipākaśabdeneha lakṣaṇayā vipākādheya āhārasya rasaviśeṣo gauraveṇa lāghavena vā yukto'bhidhīyate| uktaṃ ca vāgbhaṭena- “jāṭhareṇāgninā yogādyadudeti rasāntaram| rasānāṃ pariṇāmānte sa vipāka iti smṛtaḥ”- (vā. sū. a. 9) iti| atra rasānāṃ pariṇāmā madhurāmlakaṭurūpāstrayo'vasthāpākāḥ ṣaḍrasasyaivānnasyāmāśayādisthānasambandhamahimnā jāyante, te ca carake grahaṇīcikitsite “annasya bhuktamātrasya ṣaḍrasasya prapākataḥ” (ca. ci. a. 15) ityādinoktā anusandheyāḥ, teṣāmante'vasāne punarjāṭharāgnisaṃyoge sati yadrasāntaraṃ rasaviśeṣa udeti sa vipāka ityarthaḥ| carakeṇa tu traya eva vipākā aṅgīkṛtāḥ kaṭvamlamadhurabhedena| atastadvacanamupanyasyate- “kaṭutiktakaṣāyāṇāṃ vipākaḥ prāyaśaḥ kaṭuḥ| amlo'mlaṃ pacyate svādurmadhuraṃ lavaṇastathā”- iti (ca. sū. a. 26)| prāyaśa iti vacanāt pippalīkulatthādīnāṃ rasānanuguṇapākatāṃ darśayati| pākastu tejaḥsaṃyogarūpo raseṣu na sambhavatīti kaṭvādiśabdaistadādhāradravyāṇyucyante| etena yat kaiściducyate- “avasthāpākāvasāne ṣaḍrasasyaivānnasya kaṭurasatvena tadānīṃ tiktādirasānāmabhāvātteṣāṃ vipāko nopapadyate” iti| tadapyapāstaṃ, tiktādirasānāmabhāve'pi tadāśrayadravyasya vidyamānatvāditi| vastutastu, avasthāpākatrayeṇa tattadāmāśayādisthānamahimnā madhurāmlakaṭurasā udbhūtāḥ paraṃ kriyante, na tu sarvathā prākṛtarasābhibhavaḥ| anyathā'vasthāpākena prākṛtānāṃ madhurādirasānāṃ sarvathā'prākṛtatve teṣāṃ kaphādijanakatvābhidhānaṃ niravakāśaṃ syāditi| nanu, carake- “annasya bhuktamātrasya ṣaḍrasasya prapākataḥ” (ca. ci. a. 15)- ityādinā ṣaṇṇāmeva rasānāmaviśeṣeṇāvasthāpākavaśāt kaphādijanakatvamuktaṃ, tataścātra rasaviśeṣāṇāmeva doṣaviśeṣajanakatvamuktaṃ, tathā “kaṭutiktakaṣāyāṇāṃ vipākaḥ prāyaśaḥ kaṭuḥ”- (ca. sū. a. 26) ityādinā ca yo vipāka uktastat sarvaṃ virudhyate, avasthāpākenaiva bādhitatvāditi| naivaṃ, nahyavasthāpāko'yaṃ rasasvabhāvaṃ niṣṭhāpākaṃ bādhate, kiñcāvasthāyāṃ svakāryaṃ karoti| tena rasādayo'pi svakāryaṃ kurvanti, avasthāpāko'pi svīyaṃ kāryaṃ karoti, yathā- madhuratiktādyanekarase upayukte madhuro'pi svakāryaṃ karoti, tiktādayaśca svakāryaṃ kurvanti| ayaṃ tu viśeṣo- yadi madhurākhyasyāvasthāpākasya madhurādayaḥ śleṣmajanakā rasā anuguṇā bhavanti, tadā sa bahuśleṣmāṇaṃ janayati, yadā tu viparītakaṭukādiparigṛhīto bhavati, tadā stokamātraṃ kaphaṃ janayati| evaṃ pittajanakāvasthāpāke'pi vācyam| “kaṭutiktakaṣāyāṇāṃ” (ca. sū. a. 26) ityādinoktaśca niṣṭhāpāko rasamalavivekasamakālo, bhinnakāla evāvasthāpākaiḥ samamiti na virodhaḥ| sa ca bhinnakālo'pyavasthāpākajanyadoṣānuguṇatayā ananuguṇatayā vā'vasthāpākāhitadoṣāṇāṃ vardhanaṃ kṣapaṇaṃ vā karotīti niṣṭhāpākābhidhānaṃ śāstre prayojanavadeva| anye tvāhuḥ- yat- nānnasyāgnisaṃyogānmadhurādyavasthitaṃ bhavati, kintu kaphādisthāneṣu manuṣyāṇāṃ svabhāvādeva madhurādayo rasāstiṣṭhanti, te cānnaṃ svasvabhāvaṃ nītvā kaphādīn janayanti| uktaṃ hi tantrāntare- “madhuro hṛdayādūrdhvaṃ rasaḥ koṣṭhe vyavasthitaḥ| tataḥ saṃvardhate śleṣmā śarīrabalavardhanaḥ|| nābhihṛdayamadhye hi rasastvamlo vyavasthitaḥ| svabhāvena manuṣyāṇāṃ tatra pittaṃ vivardhate|| adho nābhyāstu khalvekaḥ kaṭuko'vasthito rasaḥ| prāyaḥ śreṣṭhatamastatra prāṇināṃ vardhate'nilaḥ|| tasmādvipākastrividho rasānāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ” iti| etacca tantrāntaraṃ śleṣmapittagatamadhurāmlarasavāyuprābhāvikakaṭurasābhiprāyeṇa varṇanīyam| te ca kaphādigatā rasā asmākamapyagnyāśayapākasahakāritayā'numatā eva, tasmādyathokta evārtho nyāyya iti| ayaṃ ca vipākādheyo (raso) na rasanendriyagrāhyaḥ, kintu tattatkāryeṇaivonnīyate| yathā- kaṭurasāyā uṣṇavīryāyā api śuṇṭhyā vṛṣyatvena madhuraḥ pāko'numīyate, tathā lavaṇasya sṛṣṭaviṇmūtratvena madhuraḥ pāka unnīyate, tathā tiktakaṣāyayorbaddhaviṇmūtratayā kaṭupāka unnīyata iti| nanu, lavaṇasya madhurapākitve pittaraktādikartṛtvamanupapannaṃ, tathā tiktakaṣāyayoḥ kaṭupākitve ca pittahantṛtvamanupapannam| naivaṃ, satyapi lavaṇasya madhurapākitve tatra lavaṇe uṣṇavīryaṃ yadasti tena tasya pittaraktādikārakatvaṃ, vipākastu tatra pittaraktakaraṇalakṣaṇe kārye bādhito'pi sṛṣṭaviṇmūtrādilakṣaṇe lakṣyata eva, tathā tiktakaṣāyayorapi kaṭuvipāko balavatā śītavīryeṇa bādhitatvānna pittajanakaḥ, baddhaviṇmūtratayā tu lakṣyata eva| etena yaducyate- lavaṇādiṣu vipāko yadi rasavīryābhyāṃ bādhitaḥ svakāryakaro na syāt, tat kiṃ tenopadiṣṭeneti, tannirastaṃ bhavati| yato'styeva sṛṣṭaviṇmūtratādi tatkāryamiti| na ca traya eva vipākāḥ kathaṃ bhavanti, tiktādayo'pi kuto na syuriti vācyaṃ| bhūtasvabhāvasyāparyanuyojyatvāt| nanu, yatra rasaviparītaḥ pāko yathā- lavaṇasya madhuraḥ, tiktakaṣāyayośca kaṭuḥ, sa ucyatāṃ| yastu samānaguṇo madhurasya madhuraḥ, amlasyāmlaḥ, kaṭukasya kaṭukaḥ, tatkathanena kiṃ prayojanaṃ| yato rasaguṇaireva tatra vipākaguṇo'pi jñāsyate| naivaṃ, lavaṇādivadvisadṛśarasāntarotpādaśaṅkānirāsārthamapi tatrānuguṇo'pi vipāko vaktavya eva| tathā yatra samānaguṇo vipākastatra balavatkāryaṃ bhavati, viparyaye tu durbalamiti jñeyam| suśrutena dvividha eva vipāko'ṅgīkṛto madhuraḥ kaṭukaśceti, dvaividhye ca bhūtānāṃ gurulāghavena dvaividhyameva hetuḥ| yaduktaṃ tenaiva- “tatra, pṛthivyaptejovāyvākāśānāṃ dvaividhyaṃ bhavati guṇasādharmyād gurutā laghutā ca| tatra pṛthivyāpaśca gurvyaḥ, śeṣāṇi laghūni| tasmāddvividha eva vipāko bhavati”- iti (su. sū. a. 40)| atrāpi suśrutamate yadyapyamlalavaṇau madhuravipākau tathā'pi tayorvātaharatve sṛṣṭaviṇmūtratāyāṃ ca madhurakāryakaratvaṃ na punaḥ pittaharatve, tathā tiktakaṣāyayoḥ kaṭuvipākayorapi vātakartṛtve baddhaviṇmūtratāyāṃ ca kaṭukāryakaratvaṃ na punaḥ pittakartṛtve, acintyatvāt prabhāvasya| nanu, “pañcabhūtātmake dehe āhāraḥ pāñcabhautikaḥ| vipakvaḥ pañcadhā samyak svān guṇānabhivardhayet” (su. sū. a. 46)- ityanena pañcadhā'pi vipākastenaivoktaḥ, tatkathaṃ na virodha iti cet| naivam, upādhibhedena virodhābhāvāt| tatra hi bhūtabhedamavalambya pañcadhātvaṃ, atra tu lāghavagauravarūpaṃ bhūtaguṇadvaividhyamāśritya dvaividhyamuktamiti na virodhaḥ| yathā- pañcabhūtātmakatve'pi dravyāṇāṃ saumyāgneyatvāddvaividhyamiti| yatpunaḥ suśrutenāmlapāko na manyate taccarakamatānuyāyino na sahante, yato'mlapākatayaiva vrīhikulatthādīnāṃ pittakartṛtvamupapadyate, atha manyase- vrīhyāderuṣṇavīryatvena tatra pittakartṛtvaṃ? tadasat, madhurasya vrīhestanmate madhuravipākasyoṣṇavīryatāyāmapi satyāṃ na pittakartṛtvamupapadyate, rasavipākābhyāmekasya vīryasya bādhanīyatvāt| kiñcāmlapākatvād vrīhyādeḥ pittamamlaguṇamutpadyate, yadi tūṣṇavīryatākṛtaṃ syāttadā kaṭuguṇabhūyiṣṭhaṃ pittaṃ syāt, dṛśyate ca- vrīhibhakṣaṇādamlodgārādinā'mlaguṇabhūyiṣṭhataiveti| kiñca pṛthivīsomaguṇātirekānmadhuraḥ pāko bhavati, vāyvagnyākāśātirekācca kaṭurbhavati- iti pakṣe yadā vyāmiśraguṇātireko bhavati, tadā somāgnyātmakasyāmlasyotpādaḥ kathaṃ pratikṣepaṇīyaḥ| athavā tantrakārayoḥ kimanayoranena vacanamātravirodhena kartavyaṃ| yato yadamlapākaṃ carako brūte tat suśrutena vīryoṣṇamiti kṛtvā samādhīyate, anena na kaściddravyaguṇe virodhaḥ|’ iti dravyaguṇasaṅgrahavyākhyāyāṃ śivadāsasenaḥ| ‘vipāka iti pākaḥ pacanaṃ dravyāṇāṃ svarūparasayoḥ parā vṛttiḥ| sā ca svarūpāntaratvena rasāntaratvena ca pariṇatiḥ, tasyā viśeṣo vipākaḥ|....kasya rasasya kiṃ rasāntaratvenodayaḥ pariṇāmaḥ syādityata āha- ‘kaṭutiktakaṣāyāṇāṃ vipākaḥ prāyaśaḥ kaṭuḥ’ ityādi| bhuktānāṃ dravyāṇāṃ yaḥ kaṭustiktaḥ kaṣāyo vā rasaḥ sa sa rasaḥ khalu jāṭhareṇāgninā pacyamānānāṃ bhuktānāṃ dravyāṇāṃ rasākhyadhāturūpeṇa pariṇāme tatpākena pacyamānaḥ san prāyaśaḥ kaṭurvipākaḥ syāt| kaṭuśca kaṭuviśeṣeṇābhiniṣpannaḥ saṃstatra rasākhye dhātau vartate (evaṃ śeṣeṣvapi vyākhyeyam)...itthaṃ ca rasapākābhiprāyeṇa tridhā vipāka uktaḥ (carakeṇa)| suśrute bhūtaguṇapākābhiprāyeṇa dvidhā vipāka ukto gururlaghuśceti krameṇa madhurasañjñaḥ kaṭusañjñaśca’ iti carakaṭīkāyāṃ jalpakalpatarau gaṅgādharakavirājaḥ| “vipākaprādhānyavādimataṃ vīryavādimataṃ niṣedhayitvā prāha- netyāhuranye ityādi| vipākaḥ pradhānamiti pratijñā| vipākaśabdeneha lakṣaṇayā abhyavahṛtadravyāntapākādheya āhārasya rasaviśeṣo gauraveṇa lāghavena vā yukto'bhidhīyate, viśiṣṭo naiṣṭhikaḥ pāko vipāka ityarthaḥ| atra hetuḥ- samyaṅmithyāvipākatvāditi| asyārthaṃ vyākaroti- sarvadravyāṇītyādi| samyagvipakvāni guṇaṃ mithyāvipakvāni doṣaṃ janayanti| samyakpākaḥ samenāgninā, mithyāpākastu hīnātipākarūpo yathākramaṃ mandena tīkṣṇena cāgninā kriyate| tatra hīnāpāke āmavikārāḥ, tīkṣṇapāke ca bhasmakavikārā doṣāḥ| samapāke tu dhātusāmyaṃ guṇaśca| ayaṃ ca pāko yadyapi jaṭharāgnyadhīnaḥ sarvāhārasādhāraṇo natu dravyādhīno dravyaguṇarūpo ya ihādhikṛtaḥ ‘pippalyā madhuravipākaḥ, arghyaṃ madhu kaṭukam’ ityādinā pratipādanīyaḥ| ayameva pāka etatprakaraṇasiddhānte ca ‘taddravyamātmanā kiñcit’ ityādau darśitaḥ| tathā hyubhayorapi pākayoragnyādheyānyapākarūpatayā ekataḥ prādhānye sādhite'paratrāpi siddhaṃ bhavatīti granthārtho neyaḥ| kiṃvā samyakpāko dravyaguṇānuguṇaḥ pāko, yathā ‘citrakaḥ kaṭukaḥ pāke’, tathā ‘kṣīraṃ madhuraṃ rasapākayoḥ’ ityādi| atra hi dravyaguṇasadṛśa eka pākaḥ| mithyāpākaḥ dravyaguṇavisadṛśaḥ pākaḥ, yathā ‘pippalyaḥ kaṭukāḥ satyo madhuravipākāḥ’ ityādau| guṇaṃ doṣaṃ vā janayantīti samyakpāke tathā mithyāpāke ca pratyekaṃ yojanīyam| tena dravyaguṇānuguṇo hi madhuraḥ pākaḥ sṛṣṭaviṇmūtrādiguṇaṃ kaphajananaṃ doṣaṃ ca karoti, tathā dravyaguṇavisadṛśaśca pippalyāḥ kaṭukāyā madhuraḥ pāko yathoktaṃ guṇaṃ doṣaṃ vā karoti| asmin vyākhyāne abhimatavyākhyādhīnapākaprādhānye heturukto bhavatīti nāsaṅgatārthatvamasya, yasmādrasaṃ vīryaṃ ca tiraskṛtyāntyo vipāko guṇaṃ doṣaṃ vā janayati, tena vipākaḥ pradhānamiti| samprati svābhimatavipākasvarūpaṃ darśayituṃ parābhimatavipākānyupanyasati- tatrāhuranye ityādi| pratirasaṃ pākameva vivṛṇoti- madhuro madhurasyāmlo'mlasyetyādi| atra dṛṣṭāntamāha- yathetyādi| prakīrṇā ityuptāḥ| tena śāliyavādaya uptaprarūḍhāḥ phalitāśca śāliyavādisvarūpā eva bhavanti, atraiva pakṣe matāntaramāha- kecitpunarityādi| abalavanto rasā alpatayā balavatāmityulbaṇānāṃ rasānāṃ vaśatāṃ parādhīnatāmalpatāmiti yāvat| tena niṣṭhāpākena balavatā durbalarasābhibhavānna pratiniyamena madhurasya madhura eva pāko'mlasya vā'mlaḥ pāka ityādi pratiniyamābhāvādanavasthitaḥ pāka ityarthaḥ| matāntaraṃ carakasyāha- kecittrividhamityādi| etacca madhurādipākatrayaṃ naiṣṭhikaṃ| carakamataṃ kvacidrasadvārā'bhihitaṃ| yathā- “kaṭutiktakaṣāyāṇāṃ vipākaḥ prāyaśaḥ kaṭuḥ| amlo'mlaṃ pacyate svādurmadhuraṃ lavaṇastathā||” kvaciddravyadvārā'bhihitaṃ ‘pippalyaḥ kaṭukā madhuravipākāḥ’ ityādi| yadavasthāpāke “annasya bhuktamātrasya ṣaḍrasasya prapākataḥ| madhuraḥ prāk kaphodbhāvāt phenabhūta udīryate||” ityādinā carakoktaṃ, tannaiṣṭhikapākābhāvādevehānadhikṛtam| uktāni paramatāni dūṣayati- tattu na samyagiti| atra hetuḥ- bhūtaguṇāditi| pṛthivyaptejovāyvākāśānāṃ dvaividhyaṃ bhavatītyādinā vaktavyagurulaghulakṣaṇadvaividhyena dvividhasyaiva pākasyopapannatvādityarthaḥ| āgamāditi ‘āgamastvāha’ ityādinā darśanīyaḥ| pittasya tu vidāhāvasthāyāmamlapākatā bhavati tayā samaṃ pākatraividhyaṃ ye'bhimanyante tanmataṃ caturthalavaṇapākaprasaṅgena dūṣayannāha- pittaṃ hi vidagdhamityādi| āgamāditi yaduktaṃ tadvyākaroti- āgamastvityādi| āgama iha dhanvantarivacanaṃ ‘dvividha eva pāko madhuraḥ kaṭukaśca’ iti| madhurakaṭupākayoryathākramaṃ gurutāṃ laghutāṃ ca cikitsopayuktāṃ darśayati- tayormadhurākhya ityādi| madhure gauravasya kaṭau ca pāke lāghavasyopapattiṃ darśayan bhūtaguṇāditi hetuṃ ca vyākaroti- tatra pṛthivītyādi| pañcānāṃ bhūtānāṃ kathaṃ dvaividhyamityāha- tadguṇasādharmyāditi| amlapākatayā pittakaratvaṃ yathā- ‘madhuraścāmlapākaśca vrīhiḥ pittakaro guruḥ’, ‘uṣṇāḥ kaṣāyāḥ pāke'mlāḥ kaphaśukrānilāpahāḥ| kulatthāḥ’ ityādau, tathā vipākaguṇe “pittakṛtsṛṣṭaviṇmūtraḥ pāko'mlaḥ śukranāśanaḥ” iti carakoktaṃ, tat sarvaṃ suśrute uṣṇavīryakāryaṃ kvaciddravyasvabhāva iti svīkriyate| tena prameye dravyaguṇe carakasuśrutayorvipratipattirnāstyeva| yattvatra vaktavyaṃ ‘pañcabhūtātmake dehe āhāraḥ pāñcabhautikaḥ| vipakvaḥ pañcadhā samyak svān guṇānabhivardhayet’ iti| anena pañcadhāpāko'bhihitaḥ, sa dravyasvarūpacintanīyo naitatpākadvayavirodhi, yathā pañcabhūtātmake'pi dravyāṇāṃ saumyāgneyatvād dvaividhyaṃ bhavati| yā tu carake avasthāpākābhidhāne antimapāke kaṭutā'bhihitā- ‘pakvāśayaṃ tu prāptasya śoṣyamāṇasya vahninā| paripiṇḍitapakvasya vāyuḥ syāt kaṭubhāvataḥ’ ityanena sā vātaprakopamātre hetuḥ, nānena madhurapākādheyasṛṣṭamūtrapurīṣatāsamyakśukrajananādivirodhinīti na virodhaḥ’ iti cakraḥ| ‘tatrāhuranye- pratirasaṃ pāka iti madhuro madhurasyāmlo'mlasyetyādi| yathāśāliyavādayaḥ prakīrṇāḥ svabhāvamuttarakālo'pi na parityajanti, tadvaditi| kecitpunarabalavanto balavatāṃ vaśamāyānti tasmādanavasthitaḥ pāka iti| kecittrividhamicchanti- madhuramamlaṃ kaṭukaṃ ceti| tattu na samyak, bhūtaguṇādāgamāccānyo'mlaḥ pāko nāsti, pittaṃ hi vidagdhamamlatāmupaityāgneyatvāt| yadyevaṃ lavaṇo'pyanyaḥ pāko bhaviṣyati, śleṣmā hi vidagdho lavaṇatāmupaitīti| āgamastviha dvividha eva pāko madhuraḥ kaṭukaśca’ iti cakrasammataḥ pāṭhaḥ ↩
- 10 ‘samprati dravyādiprādhānye ekīyamatāni darśayitvā svamataṃ siddhāntarūpamāha- pṛthaktvetyādi| pṛthaktvena ekaikaśyoktena dravyādīnāmitaraprādhānyāpavādapūrvakaṃ prādhānyaṃ draṣṭuṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ te pṛthaktvadarśinaḥ| eṣa ityanantaroktaḥ| vādasaṅgrahaḥ dravyameva pradhānamityādirūpo vādaparigrahaḥ| etatpakṣaviparītapakṣaṃ sarvaprādhānyaṃ siddhāntarūpatayā darśayanneva ekaikaprādhānyapakṣānniṣedhayannāha- caturṇāmityādi| samagrasyedaṃ sāmagryaṃ melakamityarthaḥ| atreti prādhānyacintāyām| vipaścita iti prāmāṇikāḥ| tena prāmāṇikecchayā melakasyaiva prādhānyaṃ phalati| sāmagryeṇa ceha dharmeṇa samagrā dharmiṇa eva vivakṣitāḥ| yatra dravyaprādhānyaṃ tatra rasādīnāmaprādhānyaṃ, yatra rasaprādhānyaṃ tatra dravyādīnāmaprādhānyamityādyanusaraṇīyam’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 11 ‘sāmarthyaṃ’ iti pā. ↩
- 12 “etadeva svasvaviṣaye dravyādiprādhānyamāha- tadityādi| taditi tasmāt dravyādisāmagryaprādhānyāt| atra dravyameva pañcamahābhūtavikāraviśeṣamannapānabheṣajarūpaṃ pāñcabhautikaśarīrasya dhātuvaiṣamyarūpaṃ doṣaṃ vikāraṃ vā dhātusāmyarūpaṃ doṣavikāropaśamaṃ samavāyikāraṇatayā kurvan kartṛtvena vyavasthāpyate| tadāśritāstu dravyaśaktirūpā rasavīryavipākā yathāyogaṃ nimittakāraṇatāṃ samavāyikāraṇatāṃ vā bhajanto na kartṛtayā vyapadiśyante, dravyaparādhīnatvāt| yattu ‘madhurāmlalavaṇā vātaṃ ghnanti’ ityādinā rasādīnāmapi kartṛtvaṃ vyapadiśyate, tadrasādiprādhānyatayā na tu paramārthataḥ, teṣāṃ nityaṃ dravyaparādhīnatvāt| tena dravyaprabhāvādeva rasādisādhye kārye dravyameva kartṛtayopadiśati- dravyamātmanetyādi| kiñciddravyamātmanā śaktyā prabhāvākhyayā doṣaṃ hanti karoti vā| doṣamiti doṣaśabdena vikāro'pi gṛhyate| śaktiḥ dravyasya svarūparūpā sāmānyaviśeṣātmikā nyāyadarśanasiddhā vā bhavatu, bhaṭṭanayasiddhā vā tadatiriktā kāryagamyā bhavatu, neha tadvicāraḥ prayojakaḥ| ubhayathā'pi śaktisiddheḥ| iyameva śaktistantrāntare prabhāvaśabdena, iha cācintyaśabdena vyavahiyate| rasavipākābhyāmiti samāsopadeśena bhūyasā'pi dravyādīnāṃ kāryakartṛtvaṃ sūcitam| atra doṣaharaṇakaraṇābhyāmeva sarvadravyakāryāvarodhaḥ| taddravyamātmanetyādinā svakārye sarvaprādhānye'pi mukhyakartṛtayā dravyaṃ pradhānamityuktam” iti cakraḥ ↩
- 13 ‘samprati pākādyapekṣaṇīyatayā pākādyāśrayatayā ca dravyaprādhānyaṃ darśayannāha- pāko nāstītyādi| śītavīryaṃ pṛthivījalāśrayaṃ madhuraṃ guruṃ ca pākaṃ niṣpādayati, tathā uṣṇavīryamagnyāśrayamākāśalāghavasahitaṃ kaṭukalaghupākaṃ ca janayati| dravyamādhārakāraṇamiti vipākavīryarasānāṃ sarveṣāmevādhārakāraṇatayā dravyaṃ pradhānamityuktaṃ bhavati| kiṃvā vipākādīnāṃ svasvakāryopadarśanametat| yathā- dravyopayogānantaraṃ rasaḥ svakāryaṃ karoti, tato vīryaṃ pariṇāmāvasthāyāṃ kāryaṃ karoti, tato'nte vipākaḥ| taduktaṃ carake- “raso nipāte dravyāṇāṃ vipākaḥ karmaniṣṭhayā| vīryaṃ yāvadadhīvāsānnipātāccopalabhyate” iti cakraḥ ↩
- 14 ‘śreṣṭhamataḥ’ iti pā. ↩
- 15 ‘atha dravyaṃ cedrasasya kāraṇaṃ, kāraṇaṃ ca nāvaśyaṃ kāryaṃ janayati, tat kiṃ rasaṃ vinā'pi dravyaṃ bhavatītyāśaṅkāṃ nirākurvannāha- janma tvityādi| tatra dravyaṃ kāryadravyaṃ dhānyaphalavṛkṣādi| janmaśabdena cābhivyaktirucyate’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 16 ‘atha pāko nāsti vinā vīryādityādinā mukhyatayā rasaṃ dravyāśrayaṃ pratipādya rasāśrayatayā vīryasyāpi dravyāśrayatvaṃ paramparayā pratipāditaṃ, samprati rasavadvīryasyāpi dravyāśrayatvaṃ pratipādayannāha- vīryasañjñā ityādi| apiśabdāt sthūlasūkṣmādayo guṇā dravyāśrayatvena gṛhyante| atha rasāśrayāḥ pūrvamamī guṇā uktāḥ, tathā rasaguṇakathanena ca ‘madhuro rasaḥ śītaḥ’ ityādinā rasāśrayā vīryādayo guṇā vaktavyāḥ, tat kathamiha dravyā ucyanta ityāha- raseṣu na bhavantītyādi| etena paramārthato rasaguṇe nirguṇatvād vīryarūpā guṇāstathā'nye saṅkhyādayo na bhavantyeva| ekāśrayatayā tūpacārāt sukhena dravyaguṇapratītyarthaṃ gauravatayocyante’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 17 ‘vipākasyāpi dravyāśrayatvena dravyaprādhānyamāha- dravye dravyāṇītyādi| dravye āhārarūpe, dravyāṇi āhāragatāni pṛthivyādīni, pacyante na rasā iti rasānāṃ paratantratvena svatantrapākāviṣayatvāt, dravye tvagnisaṃyogāt pacyamāne pākājjñāyamānatayā rasaḥ pacyata iti vyapadiśyata ityarthaḥ| yadā ‘dravyaṃ dravyeṇa’ iti pāṭhastadā dravyeṇeti jaṭharāgninā, iti viśeṣaḥ| prakaraṇavyutpāditaṃ dravyaprādhānyaṃ nigamayati- dravyaṃ śreṣṭhatamamiti| śeṣā bhāvā rasavīryavipākāḥ’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 18 ‘idānīṃ dravyaviṣaye parīkṣārūpamīmāṃsāyā darśitatvādacintyadravyasvabhāve'pi mīmāṃsā vo mābhūdityāha- amīmāṃsyānītyādi| acintyāni yāni bheṣajāni yathā dantī citrakasamā'pi virecayati, lohākarṣakamaṇirlohamākarṣayatītyādyuktāni āgamāvadhāritāni mīmāṃsayā aparīkṣyāṇi| kathaṃ tarhi tāni jñātavyānītyāha- prasiddhāni svabhāvata iti| āgamādeva paraṃ prasiddhatamā bhavantītyarthaḥ| etena yāni cintyāni bheṣajāni teṣāṃ mīmāṃsā kartavyaiva’ iti cakraḥ ↩
- 19 ‘āgamasyaivātra balavattvaṃ darśayannāha- pratyakṣetyādi| pratyakṣeṇa lakṣyate dṛśyate phalaṃ yāsāṃ dantīviṣaharamaṇiprabhṛtīnāṃ tāḥ pratyakṣalakṣaṇaphalāḥ| prasiddhā ityāgamaprasiddhāḥ| svabhāvata ityacintyasvarūpato virecakatvastambhanatvaviṣaharatvādeḥ| hetubhirityāgamaviruddhaiḥ kuhetubhiḥ| āgamānuguṇaiḥ saddhetubhirbheṣajādīni sarvāṇyeva parīkṣyāṇi| svāgamasyānumānābādhanīyatvamevodāharaṇenāha- sahasreṇetyādi| atra ‘ambaṣṭhādirvirecayati pṛthivītoyaguṇayuktatvāt, trivṛtādivat’ ityādi bahukuhetubhirapi āgamabādhitairnāmbaṣṭhādirvirecayati, kintvāgamoktaṃ saṅgrahaṇameva karoti’ iti cakraḥ ↩