13. svarabhedanidānam · e-Mādhavanidāna

atha svarabhedanidānam | atyuccabhāṣaṇaviṣādhyayanābhighātasandūṣaṇaiḥ prakupitāḥ pavanādayastu | srotaḥsu te svaravaheṣu gatāḥ pratiṣṭhāṃ hanyuḥ svaraṃ bhavati cāpi hi ṣaḍvidhaḥ saḥ ||1|| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) | (vātādibhiḥ pṛthak sarvairmedasā ca kṣayeṇa ca) |

prāṇodānaduṣṭisādharmyāt ¹ śvāse ca svarabhedo bhavatīti śvāsānantaraṃ svarabhedamāha– atyuccabhāṣaṇetyādi| adhyayanamuccairvedādipāṭhaḥ, abhighātaḥ kaṇṭhādideśe laguḍādibhirāghātaḥ, etaiḥ ² sandūṣaṇairanyaiśca yathāsvaṃ vātādikopanaiḥ, viṣaṃ tu sarvadoṣaprakopaṇameva| ³ srotaḥsu svaravaheṣu caturṣu; yaduktaṃ suśrute– “dvābhyāṃ bhāṣate, dvābhyāṃ ghoṣaṃ karoti” (su. śā. a. 9) iti; bhāṣaṇaghoṣaṇayoralpatvamahattvābhyāṃ bhedaḥ| pratiṣṭhāṃ sthitiṃ, vṛddhiṃ vā| sa iti svarabhedaḥ; ṣaḍvidho vātapittakaphasannipātakṣayamedojabhedāt||1||

hikkāśvāsau prāṇodānaduṣṭyā sambhavataḥ, tadduṣṭisādharmyāt śvāsānantaraṃ svarabhedamāha– atyuccetyādi| ⁴ adhyayanamuccairvedādipāṭhaḥ; abhighātaḥ kaṇṭhapradeśe laguḍādibhiḥ, athavā balena chardijanitaḥ, athavā'sthyādikaṭhinabhojyajanitaḥ| viṣatastu tridoṣaprakopaḥ| srotaḥsu svaravaheṣu caturṣu, yaduktaṃ suśrute– “dvābhyāṃ bhāṣate, dvābhyāṃ ghoṣaṃ karoti” iti; bhāṣaṇaghoṣaṇayoralpatvamahattvābhyāṃ bhedaḥ| etaiḥ ⁵ sandūṣaṇairanyaiśca yathāsvaṃ vātādikopanairdoṣāsteṣu srotaḥsu pratiṣṭhāṃ sthitiṃ vṛddhiṃ vā gatāḥ svaraṃ hanyuḥ| sa svarabhedaḥ ṣaḍvidha iti vātapittakaphasannipāta kṣayamedojanita iti bhedāt||1||

vātena kṛṣṇanayanānanamūtravarcā bhinnaṃ śanairvadati gardabhavat kharaṃ ca |2| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) |

vātikamāha– vātenetyādi| kṛṣṇatvaṃ mūtrādiṣu svarabhedārambhakadoṣasya sarvāṅgavyāpakatvāt, arśovat| bhinnaṃ bhinnasvaraṃ, tadevāha– gardabhavat ⁶ kharamiti; kharaṃ niṣṭhuram, udvejakamiti yāvat|2|–

vātikamāha– vātenetyādi| ⁷ kṛṣṇatvaṃ ⁸ svarabhedārambhakadoṣasya sarvāṅgavyāpakatvāt, arśovat| bhinnaṃ bhinnasvaraṃ, gardabhasvaravat ⁹ svaraṃ kharamudvejakamiti yāvat| anye gardabhavatsvaramityatra gardabhavatkharamiti paṭhanti, gardabhasya vacanābhāvāt; ‘kaṇṭhena’ iti śeṣaḥ|2|–

pittena pītanayanānanamūtravarcā brūyādgalena sa ca dāhasamanvitena ||2|| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) |

paittikamāha– pittenetyādi| galeneti viśeṣyopadarśanaṃ, dāhasamanviteneti viśeṣaṇasya viśeṣyādhīnapratītatvāt; galaḥ sadāho bhavatītyarthaḥ||2||

paittikamāha– ¹⁰ pittenetyādi| galastasya sadāho bhavatītyarthaḥ||2||

brūyāt kaphena satataṃ kapharuddhakaṇṭhaḥ svalpaṃ śanairvadati cāpi divā viśeṣāt |3| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) |

ślaiṣmikamāha– brūyādityādi| divā viśeṣāditi dine sūryaraśmibhiḥ kaphasya mandībhāvādviśeṣādviśiṣṭaṃ vadatītyarthaḥ| ‘divāviśeṣa’ iti pāṭhāntare sa evārthaḥ|3|–

kaphajamāha-brūyādityādi| brūyādityatra kṛcchrāditi kecitpaṭhanti|3|–

sarvātmake bhavati sarvavikārasampat taṃ cāpyasādhyamṛṣayaḥ svarabhedamāhuḥ ||3|| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) |

sānnipātikamāha– sarvātmaka ityādi| sarvavikārasampaditi uktavātādisvarabhedaliṅgayogaḥ| taṃ cāpyasādhyamiti apiśabdo bhinnakrame, asādhyamapi; tena “sarvaje kṣayaje cāpi pratyākhyāyācaret kriyām||” (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) iti suśrutavacanamupapannaṃ bhavatīti||3||

sannipātajamāha– sarvavikārasampadityādi| uktavātādisvarabhedaliṅgāni| taṃ cāpyasādhyamiti apiśabdo bhinnakramaḥ| asādhyamapi; tena “sarvaje kṣayaje cāpi pratyākhyāyācaret kriyām” iti suśrutavacanamupapannaṃ bhavatīti||3|| ¹¹

dhūpyeta vāk kṣayakṛte kṣayamāpnuyācca vāgeṣa ¹² cāpi hatavāk parivarjanīyaḥ |4| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) |

kṣayajamāha– dhūpyetetyādi| ¹³ dhūpyeta vāgiti sadhūmeva nirgacchantī vedanāyā'nubhūyate| kṣayakṛta iti dhātukṣayakṛta svarabhede| kṣayamāpnuyācca vāgiti padacchedaḥ| eṣa ca yadā hatavāgbhavati ojaḥkṣayādvacanākṣamastadā na sādhyate, anyathā tu sādhyaḥ; tena pratyākhyāya kriyākaraṇamupapannaṃ bhavati| ‘eṣu cāpi’ iti pāṭhe vātādisvarabhedeṣu madhye hatavāgasādhyaḥ, kintvayaṃ pāṭhaṣṭīkākārairna vyākhyātaḥ|4|–

kṣayajamāha– dhūmyeta vāgiti| sadhūmeneva ¹⁴ nirgacchantī ¹⁵ vedanayā'nubhūyate, ¹⁶ ‘dhūmāvate’ iti pāṭhāntare sa evārthaḥ| kṣayakṛta iti dhātukṣayakṛte svarabhede| kṣayamāpnuyācca vāgiti padacchedaḥ, vacanaṃ kṣayamāpnuyāt ‘vātāt’ iti śeṣaḥ| sa eva yadā hatavāk ojaḥkṣayādvacanākṣamaḥ, tadā na sādhyaḥ, anyathā tu sādhyaḥ| anye ‘eṣu ca’ iti paṭhanti; tataścaiṣu vātādisvarabhedeṣu madhye hatavāgasādhyaḥ; kiṃ tvayaṃ pāṭhaṣṭīkākārairna svīkṛtaḥ|4|–

antargatasvaramalakṣyapadaṃ cireṇa medo'nvayādvadati digdhagalastṛṣārtaḥ ||4|| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) |

medojalakṣaṇamāha– ¹⁷ antargatetyādinā| antargatasvaramiti kriyāviśeṣaṇam; ‘antargataṃ svaram’ iti pāṭhe ¹⁸ tu kaṇṭhasyāntargataṃ yathā bhavati tathā ¹⁹ svaraṃ vacanaṃ vadatīti yojyaṃ; ‘antargalam’ iti pāṭhāntare galasyāntariti antargalaṃ ²⁰ svaraṃ vadatītyarthaḥ| digdhagala iti śleṣmaṇā medasā vā liptagala ityarthaḥ| ²¹ tṛṣārtaśca medoruddhasrotastvāt||4||

medojamāha– antarityādi| antargatasvaramiti kriyāviśeṣaṇam; tena kaṇṭhasthāntargataṃ yathā bhavati tathā svaraṃ vacanaṃ vadatīti yojyam| ‘anye antargalam’ iti paṭhanti, tatra galasya antaḥ antargalaṃ, tadgataṃ svaraṃ vadatītyarthaḥ| medonvayānmedaḥsambandhāt| ‘medaścayāt’ iti kecitpāṭhāntaraṃ paṭhanti, medaścayānmedovṛddheriti; ‘bhedaḥkṣayāt’ iti pāṭhāntaram, atra svaraśabdo lupto madhye'tidiṣṭo draṣṭavyaḥ, tena medasā svarakṣayādityarthaḥ| digdhagala iti śleṣmaṇā medasā vā liptagala ityarthaḥ| tṛṣārta iti medoruddhasrotastvāt||4||

kṣīṇasya vṛddhasya kṛśasya vā'pi cirotthito yaśca sahopajātaḥ | medasvinaḥ sarvasamudbhavaśca svarāmayo yo na sa siddhimeti ||5|| (su. u. taṃ. a. 53) |

uktavātādijānāmevāvasthāyāmasādhyatvamāha– kṣīṇasyetyādinā sahopajāta ityantena| kṣīṇasya kṣīṇamāṃsasya| kṛśasya abalasya| sahopajāto janmaprabhṛtibaddhaḥ, ‘kākasvara’ iti loke| ‘sahopajātaḥ’ ityatra ‘madopajātaḥ’ iti pāṭhāntaram, mado rogaviśeṣaḥ| medasvino'tisthūlasya medasā''vṛtasrotastvena yo jātaḥ; amedasvinastu medoduṣṭyā ²² jātaḥ sa sādhyaḥ pūrvamukta iti na virodhaḥ| ²³ sarvasamudbhavaścāvagāḍhaḥ sampūrṇaliṅgo vā'sādhyo draṣṭavya iti||5||

asādhyamāha– kṣīṇasyetyādi| kṣīṇasya abalasya, kṛśasya kṣīṇamāṃsasya, sahajopajātaḥ janmapratibaddhaḥ, sa ca kākasvara iti loke; ‘sahajopajāta’ ityasya sthāne ²⁴ ‘sa madopajāta’ iti paṭhantyanye; tatra ²⁵ mado rogaviśeṣaḥ| medasvina iti atisthūlasya medasāvṛtasrotastvena yo jātaḥ, medasvinastu medovṛddhyā yo jātaḥ so'sādhyaḥ pūrvamuktamiti na virodhaḥ| sarvasamudbhavaścāvagāḍhaḥ sampūrṇaliṅgo vā'sādhyo draṣṭavyaḥ||5||

iti śrīmādhavakaraviracite mādhavanidāne svarabhedanidānaṃ samāptam ||13||

iti śrīvijayarakṣitakṛtāyāṃ madhukośavyākhyāyāṃ svarabhedanidānaṃ samāptam||13||

ityātaṅkadarpaṇe nidānavyākhyāyāṃ svarabhedanidānam||13||

pāṭhāntarāḥ

1 . ‘śvāse'pi’ iti pā.| ↩
2 . ‘sandūṣaṇaiścānyairyathāsvam’ iti pā.| ↩
3 . ‘svaravaheṣu srotaḥsu śabdavāhinīṣu’ iti ḍalhaṇaḥ| ↩
4 . ‘ ... vedapāṭhaḥ’ iti pā.| ↩
5 . ‘sandūṣaṇaiścānyaiśca’ iti pā.| ↩
6 . ‘kharaṃ ca’ iti pā.| ↩
7 . atra ‘nayanādi’ iti kvacitpustake adhikaḥ pā.| ↩
8 . ‘ ... bhedanārambhaka’ iti pā.| ↩
9 . ‘svaraṃ ca ityevaṃ mukhyaṃ pāṭhaṃ manyate’ iti pā.| ↩
10 . atra ‘pittenetyādi’ iti kvacitpustake adhikaḥ pā.| ↩
11 . ‘dhūmyeta’ iti pā. | ↩
12 . ‘sarveṣu’ iti pā. | ↩
13 . ‘dhūmyeta’ iti pā.| ↩
14 . ‘nirgacchatīti’ iti pā.| ↩
15 . ‘vedanayābhibhūyate’ iti pā.| ↩
16 . ‘dhūmāyate’ iti pā.| ↩
17 . ‘antargatasvaramityādinā’ iti pā.| ↩
18 . ‘tu’ iti pāṭhaḥ kvacitpustake nopalabhyate | ↩
19 . ‘tadgatam’ iti pā.| ↩
20 . atra ‘tadgatam’ iti kvacitpustake adhikaḥ pā.| ↩
21 . ‘tṛṣārto’ iti pā.| ↩
22 . atra ‘yo’ iti kvacitpustake adhikaḥ pā.| ↩
23 . ‘sarvasamudbhavaśca gāḍhaḥ’ iti pā.| ↩
24 . ‘samadoṣajāta’ iti pā.| ↩
25 . ‘samado’ iti pā.| ↩